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pasama > gen c > Flashcards

gen c Flashcards

1
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

all processes cease as temperature approaches absolute zero

A

TRUE

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2
Q

any entity that occupies space and has mass

A

matter

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2
Q

differentiate mass vs. weight

A
  • mass - amount of matter
  • weight - mass w pull of gravity
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3
Q

intrinsic/intensive properties

independent on the amount of matter

A
  • density
  • specific gravity
  • melting point
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4
Q

extrinsic/extensive properties

dependent on the amount of matter

A
  • weight
  • volume
  • pressure
  • heat content
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5
Q

evidences of a chemical change

A
  • evolution of gas
  • formation of a precipitate
  • emission of light
  • generation of electricity
  • production of mechanical energy
  • absorption or liberation of heat
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6
Q

has a definite and unvarying composition

A

pure substance

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7
Q

the simplest form of substance that cannot be decomposed by a simple chemical reaction

A

element

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8
Q

if elements are chemically combined, it will yield _____

A

compound

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9
Q

made up of 2 or more substances physically combined

A

mixture

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10
Q

occurs when valence electrons around the nucleus interact

removal or addition or electrons to valence shells

A

chemical reaction

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11
Q

substances that enter a chemical reaction

A

reactants

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12
Q

union of oxygen to form a substance

A

oxidation

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13
Q

removal of oxygen or addition of hydrogen

A

reduction

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14
Q

acid-base balance to form salt & water

A

neutralization

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15
Q

reaction of water in salt to form acid & base

A

hydrolysis

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16
Q

reaction between alkali and fats or oils to form soap and glycerol

A

saponification

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17
Q

action of bacteria or microorganisms on organic substances resulting to production of alcohol

A

fermentation

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18
Q

the smallest indivisible portion of a pure chemical substance that has its unique set of chemical properties

A

molecules

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19
Q

atom or molecule in which the total number of electrons is not equal to the total number of protons, therefore giving it a net positive or negative electrical charge

A

ions

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20
Q

lost electron, with positive charge

A

cation

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21
Q

gained electron, with negative charge

A

anion

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22
Q

substances whose molecules are made up of 2 or more kinds of atoms combined in definite proportions

A

compound

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23
Q

TYPES OF COMPOUND

electron transfer from an atom to another through attraction between positive and negative charged ions (nonmetal + metal)

A

ionic compound

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24
Q

TYPES OF COMPOUND

sharing of electrons between 2 nonmetal ions

A

covalent compound

25
Q

TYPES OF COMPOUNDS

compounds containing two elements; can either have an ionic or covalent bonding

A

binary compounds

26
Q

TYPES OF COMPOUND

formed by the interaction between elements which are metallic but the resulting compound became just like an ordinary metal

A

metallic compound

27
Q

TYPES OF COMPOUND

contains metal and nonmetal or polyatomic ions; considered to be ionic compounds

A

metallic compound

28
Q

TYPES OF INORGANIC COMPOUNDS

  • contain hydrogen which is replaceable by a metal
  • yield hydrogen ions in water solutions
  • donate protons, accept electrons
A

acid

29
Q

TYPES OF INORGANIC COMPOUNDS

  • contain metal with a hydroxyl group
  • accept protons, donote electrons
  • property: soapy or slippering in water solutions
A

base

30
Q

TYPES OF INORGANIC COMPOUNDS

formed by the combination of any positive and negative ions except hydrogen and hydroxyl ion

A

salts

31
Q

TYPES OF INORGANIC COMPOUNDS

an electrolyte that yields neither hydrogen or hydroxide
from the dissolved molecule

A

salts

32
Q

TYPES OF INORGANIC COMPOUNDS

  • consists of oxygen and other elements
  • are binary compounds formed by the reaction of oxygen with other elements
A

oxides

33
Q

positively charged electrode

A

anode

34
Q

negatively charged electrode

A

cathode

35
Q

states that chemical compounds always contain exactly the same proportion of elements by mass

re:copper carbonate parts

A

law of definite proportions

aka proust law

36
Q

states that when two elements form more than one compound, then the ratio of the masses of the second element which is combined with a fixed mass of the first element, will be a ratio of a small whole number

A

law of multiple proportions

37
Q

states that proportions by weight when chemical reaction takes place can be expressed in terms of small, integral, multiple of fixed numbers, called as “combining weights” or “equivalent weights

A

law of combining weights

* law of reciprocal proportions
* law of equivalence

38
Q
A
39
Q

consists of a positively charged core called “nucleus”

A

atom

40
Q

who discovered protons?

the positive part

A

Rutherford

41
Q

who discovered electrons?

the negative part

A

Thomson

42
Q

who discovered neutrons?

the uncharged part

A

James Chadwick

43
Q

it is the basic unit that compose a matter

A

atom

44
Q

fundamental unit of structure of matter that can enter into a chemical reaction

A

atom

45
Q

no. of protons + no. of neutrons

A

atomic mass or weight

46
Q

no. of protons in the element nucleus

A

atomic number

47
Q

atoms of same element with the same atomic number (same proton), but different atomic mass

A

isotopes

48
Q

atoms of different element but with same atomic mass (mass numbars)

A

isobar

49
Q

atoms of different element but with the same neutrons

A

isotones

50
Q

coined the word “atomo” → “tiny indivisible particles”

A

Democritus

51
Q

proposed the theory that is based on facts and evidences that atoms enter into the combination with other atoms to form compounds, but will remain unchanged during ordinary chemical reactions

atom is a “billiard ball” → a hard, indestructible sphere

A

John Dalton Theory

52
Q

what laws does John Dalton Theory supports?

A
  • law of definite proportion
  • law of multiple proportion
53
Q

based on additional experimental evidence of “alpha scattering elements”

A

Rutherford Model

54
Q

ATOMIC STRUCTURE MODEL

tom is a spherical mass containing electrons & this spherical mass is positive but is made neutral

atom is like a “plum pudding”

A

Thompson Model

or raisin bread model

55
Q

according to this, the positive charges (protons) are concentrated in the nucleus, and the region outside the nucleus are the negative charges (electrons)

A

Rutherford Model

56
Q

what experiment did Rutherford used to prove that most of atom is in a very small space called the atomic nucleus?

A

Geiger Marsden Experiment

or Gold Foil Experiment

57
Q

other name for Bohr Model

A

planetary model

58
Q

in this model, protons are in the nucleus and the electrons are in the orbitals that surround the nucleus

A

Bohr Model

59
Q
A

pasama (3 decks)

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