Gen bio Long Quiz 1

Question 1

the outer boundary of the cell which separates its contents from the environment. It varies in composition.

Answer 1

Cell/plasma membrane

Question 2

a

gel-like substance that constitutes the cells internal environment and holds all of the structural components of the cell.

Answer 2

Cytoplasm

Question 3

structures that manufacture proteins which are needed for cell function Cells can differ in number, size, components, and composition Based on structural differences, cells can be classified as either Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic

Answer 3

Ribosomes

Question 4

is the genetic material which holds information for cell activities and function

Answer 4

Deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA)

Question 5

A two (2) membrane structure that encloses the nucleus and separates it from the cytoplasm

Answer 5

Nuclear envelope

Question 6

The semifluid substance inside the nucleus

Answer 6

Nucleoplasm

Question 7

Perforations in the nuclear envelope that regulate the passage of materials (usually proteins, ribosomes, and RNA)

Answer 7

Nuclear pores

Question 8

Condensed region of the nucleus where synthesis of ribosomal RNA (or rRNA) and centralized ribosomal subunits are

Answer 8

Nucleolus

Question 9

The storehouse of genetic information (DNA). It functions to prevent damage to the DNA and direct all cell activity.

Answer 9

Nucleus

Question 10

Folds of the plasma membrane that enter the area of the cytoplasm. This is where the electron transport system for the creation of cell energy is located.

Answer 10

Mesosome

Question 11

Tubular structures present in the cell surface for cell-to-cell communication and passing of genetic material.

Answer 11

Pili

Question 12

A tail-like appendage anchored to the cell membrane and wall that allows a prokaryote locomotion through a circular motion.

Answer 12

Flagellum

Question 13

Additional small and bristle-like fibers scattered throughout the cell surface.

Answer 13

Fimbriae

Question 14

Region of the cell where DNA is present.

Answer 14

Nucleoid

Question 15

Small independent loops of DNA which are separate from the chromosomal DNA found in the nucleoid.

Answer 15

Plasmid

Question 16

The outermost layer that encases the entire cell for additional protection.

Answer 16

Capsule

Question 17

A rigid case that encloses the entire cell and gives it shape.

Answer 17

Cell wall

Question 18

A semipermeable membrane that encloses the internal structures of the cell that regulates the passage of molecules into and out of the cell.

Answer 18

Plasma membrane

Question 19

Size varies from 10-100 μm (with few exceptions)
Exhibits heavy Compartmentalization of internal structures known as Organelles Divided into Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia

Answer 19

Eukaryotic Cells

Question 20

Earliest and most primitive cells Contains only simple structures with very little differentiation Size varies from 0.1-5 µm (with few exceptions)

Answer 20

Prokaryotic Cells