Gen Bio 2 Cell Organelles Flashcards
it is only found inside eurkaryotic cells.
Everything in a cell except the nucleus is cytoplasm.
Cell Organelles
The liquid component of the cytoplasm surrounds intracellular organelles
Cytosol
All contents of a cell except the nucleus. Includes all organelles as well as the cytosol
Cytoplasm
- boundary of the cell
- made of a phospholipid bilayers
- outer layer of cell
- allows nutrients into the cell and waters outside of the cell
Cell Membrane
- control center of the cell
- contains DNA
- surrounded by a double membrane
- usually the easiest organelle to see under a microscope
- usually one per cell
- controls and regulates the activities pf the cell and growth and metabolism and carries the genes and structures that contain the hereditary information
Nucleus
A thread like structures located inside the nucleus of animal and plant cells
Chromosomes
- Acts as skeleton and muscle
- provides shape and structure
- helps move organelles around the cell
- made of three types of filaments
Cytoskeleton
- aka ER
- connected to nuclear membrane
- highway of the cell
- Rough ER studded with ribosomes it makes proteins glycoprotein. It is where membranes are produced for the cell
- Smooth ER no ribosomes it make lipids various metabolic process such as metabolism of carbohydrates lipid synthesis and detoxification of drugs chemicals and poison are performed here
Endoplasmic Reticulum
- site of protein synthesis
- found attached to rough ER or floating free in the cytosol
- produce in a part of the nucleus called the nucleus
Ribosome
- looks like a stack of plates
- stores, modifies, and packages proteins
- molecules transported to and from the golgi by means of vesicles
Golgi Apparatus
- garbage disposal of the cell
- contain digestive enzymes that break down wastes
- autophagy is where organelles that are damaged are digested and turned into monomers which will then be reused by the cell for the repair maintenance and creation of necessary cellular components
Lysosomes
- power house of the cell
- cellular respiration occurs here to release energy for the cell to use
- bound by a double membrane
- has its own strand of DNA
- endosymbiotic Theory
- The endosymbiotic theory states that the mitochondria and chloroplast in a eurkaryotic cells were one aerobic bacteria prokaryotic that were ingested by a large anaerobic bacteria prokaryotic
Mitochondria
It is the usable form of energy for the cell to perform its functions
Adesonine Triphosphate (ATP)
- found only in plant cell
- contains the green pigment chlorophyll
- site of good glucose production
- bound by a double membrane
Chloroplast
- found in plant and bacterial cells
- rigid protective barriers
- located outside of the cell membrane
-made of cellulose fiber
Cell Wall
- large central _____ usually in plant cells
- many smaller ____ in animal cells
- storage container for water good enzymes wastes pigments etc
Vacuoles
- large central _____ usually in plant cells
- many smaller ____ in animal cells
- storage container for water good enzymes wastes pigments etc
Vacuoles
- it refers to the bubble like membranous structures that stores and transports cellular products and digests metabolic wastes within the cell
Vesicles
- aids in cell division
- usually found only in animal cells made of microtubules
Centriole
Which organelle holds the cell together?
Cell Membrane
Which organelle are not found in animal cells?
Chloroplast
Which organelle helps plant cells make food?
Chloroplast
What does ER stand for?
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Which part of the cell controls cell activities and transmits hereditary information
Nucleus
