GEL ELECTROPHORESIS LAB Flashcards
PCR
Polymerase Chain Reaction
What does PCR do?
PCR isolates small DNA fragments
How does PCR isolate small DNA fragments
it uses restriction enzymes and then amplifies the fragments to make large volumes of repeats for clearer study
How many steps are there in PCR?
3, denaturing, annealing, and DNA synthesis
What is denaturing
Step one in PCR , addition of HEAT to separate the double strands of DNA
What is annealing
DNA is rapidly cooled and jpind by PRIMERS to direct which segments are wanting to be amplified
WHat is DNA synthesis
DNA replication occursthrough DNA POlymerase on both os the exposed strandsand copies are made until the volume is large enough
Gel Electrophoresis/DNA Fingerprinting
Separates fragments of DNA based on SIZE
what is DNA Size?
Fragment length= the number of base pairs
what decides the movement?
polarity/ electrical charge determines movement
Which fragment travel further and faster?
the smaller DNA fragments travel faster and farther in the gel.
which way does DNA run to?
THe positive end as DNA is negatively charged
How are fragments separated?
in bands
What is a ladder?
It sets the fragment size standard
How are samples loaded into the gel?
through the use of wells and the current applied over top of the gel
