Geiger Counter Model Differences

Question 1

MRI Brief Therapy: Why do people have problems?

Answer 1

Because the attempted solution for the family has become the problem.

Question 2

MRI Brief Therapy: How can they change?

Answer 2

When the family interrupts the ineffective solution, that becomes the problem.

Question 3

Strategic Family Therapy: Why do people have problems?

Answer 3

People have problems when the way power is distributed is creating problems in the system.

Question 4

Strategic Family Therapy: How can they change?

Answer 4

People change when the interactional cycles that support the problematic hierarchy are interrupted.

Question 5

Solution-Focused Brief Therapy: Why do people have problems?

Answer 5

People have problems when they are unable to see beyond their problems.

Question 6

Solution-Focused Brief Therapy: How can they change?

Answer 6

People change when they are able to see beyond their problem and consider exceptions to the problem and the solutions that exist beyond it.

Question 7

Who are the founders of Solution-Focused Brief Therapy?

Answer 7

Steve de Shazer and Insoo Kim Berg

Question 8

Who are the founders of Strategic Family Therapy?

Answer 8

Jay Haley, Cloe Madanes, influenced by Minuchin

Question 9

Who are the founders of MRI Therapy?

Answer 9

John Weakland, Don Jackson, Paul Watzlawick and Richard Fisch

Question 10

Narrative Therapy: Why do people have problems?

Answer 10

People have problems when they are living the “stories” written by their culture, society, tradition, family of origin, etc. The dominant discourse is not who they are.

Question 11

Narrative Therapy: How can they change?

Answer 11

People change when they begin to author and live their own stories.

Question 12

Who are the founders of Narrative Therapy?

Answer 12

Michael White, David Epston, Jill Freedman, and Gene Combs

Question 13

Structural Family Therapy: Why do people have problems?

Answer 13

People have problems when the structure of their system, hierarchies, subsystems, rules, roles, boundaries, etc., maintains the problem within the structure.

Question 14

Structural Family Therapy: How can they change?

Answer 14

People change when the structure of the system is unbalanced and disrupted, not allowing the problem to return to its original place when the system returns to a balanced, reorganized structure.

Question 15

Who are the founders of Structural Family Therapy?

Answer 15

Salvador Minuchin and Charles Fishmann

Question 16

Bowen Intergenerational Family Systems: Why do people have problems?

Answer 16

People have problems when they are still caught in the emotional field of their family-of-origin.

Question 17

Bowen Intergenerational Family Systems: How do they change?

Answer 17

People change when they are able to “leave” their family-of-origin and stand as separate individuals, individuated.

Question 18

Who founded Bowen Intergenerational Family Systems?

Answer 18

Murray Bowen

Question 19

Experiential Family Therapy: Why do people have problems?

Answer 19

Family problems are rooted in suppression of feelings, rigidity, denial of impulses,
lack of awareness, emotional deadness, and overuse of defense mechanisms.

Question 20

Experiential Family Therapy: How do they change?

Answer 20

Therapists facilitate an experience that allows family members greater flexibility and variety of responses, allowing them to discover more possibilities than were previously available to them.

Question 21

Who founded Experiential Family Therapy?

Answer 21

Carl Whitaker and Virginia Satir

Question 22

Milan Systemic Therapy: Why do people have problems?

Answer 22

The problem is maintained by the family’s attempt to fix it. Dysfunctional patterns that maintain the problem in the “family game”.

Question 23

Milan Systemic Therapy: How do they change?

Answer 23

Therapist perturb the sequence to create a new homeostasis and provide ways to do something different to allow the family to reorganize. Reorganization occurs without the problem.

Question 24

Who founded Milan Systemic Therapy?

Answer 24

Mara Selvini Palazzoli

Question 25

Collaborative Therapy: Why do people have problems?

Answer 25

People have problems because they have been unable to consider other possibilities and options to their problems. Their realities and belief systems are constructed and maintained in the language and relationships they have with significant others.

Question 26

Collaborative Therapy: How do they change?

Answer 26

As clients become curious and ask questions about a problem or life situation, they participate in changing it. It is through mutual interaction and conversation between client and therapist that problems evolve and solutions emerge.

Question 27

Who founded Collaborative Therapy?

Answer 27

Harlene Anderson

Question 28

Contextual Therapy: Why do people have problems?

Answer 28

People have problems because they believe there are relational debts and entitlements that must be paid back. There is an unbalanced ledger that gets balanced in ways that are destructive to individuals and relationships, and posterity.

Question 29

Contextual Therapy: How do they change?

Answer 29

There is an awareness of legacies, debts, and entitlements. Actions change to either no longer give power to the ledger or balance it in healthy ways.

Question 30

Who founded Contextual Therapy?

Answer 30

Ivan Boszormenyi-Nagy

Question 31

Object Relations: Why do people have problems?

Answer 31

Mental images of self and others are built from experience and expectation and then converted to internalized objects. Internalized objects become projected onto important others; we then evoke responses from them that fit that object, they comply, and we react to the projection rather than the real person.

Question 32

Object Relations: How do they change?

Answer 32

They must be made aware of an freed from unconscious constraints so that they can interact as healthy individuals.

Question 33

Who founded: Object Relations?

Answer 33

Melanie Klein

Question 34

Emotion-Focused Therapy: Why do people have problems?

Answer 34

People have problems when attachments are insecure and the expression of emotion is indirect and reactive.

Question 35

Emotion-Focused Therapy: How do they change?

Answer 35

Increase direct expression of emotions, especially those related to attachment needs.

Question 36

Who founded Emotion-Focused Therapy?

Answer 36

Susan Johnson and Leslie Greenberg