Geiger Counter Model Differences Flashcards
Why do people have problems, and how can they change
MRI Brief Therapy: Why do people have problems?
Because the attempted solution for the family has become the problem.
MRI Brief Therapy: How can they change?
When the family interrupts the ineffective solution, that becomes the problem.
Strategic Family Therapy: Why do people have problems?
People have problems when the way power is distributed is creating problems in the system.
Strategic Family Therapy: How can they change?
People change when the interactional cycles that support the problematic hierarchy are interrupted.
Solution-Focused Brief Therapy: Why do people have problems?
People have problems when they are unable to see beyond their problems.
Solution-Focused Brief Therapy: How can they change?
People change when they are able to see beyond their problem and consider exceptions to the problem and the solutions that exist beyond it.
Who are the founders of Solution-Focused Brief Therapy?
Steve de Shazer and Insoo Kim Berg
Who are the founders of Strategic Family Therapy?
Jay Haley, Cloe Madanes, influenced by Minuchin
Who are the founders of MRI Therapy?
John Weakland, Don Jackson, Paul Watzlawick and Richard Fisch
Narrative Therapy: Why do people have problems?
People have problems when they are living the “stories” written by their culture, society, tradition, family of origin, etc. The dominant discourse is not who they are.
Narrative Therapy: How can they change?
People change when they begin to author and live their own stories.
Who are the founders of Narrative Therapy?
Michael White, David Epston, Jill Freedman, and Gene Combs
Structural Family Therapy: Why do people have problems?
People have problems when the structure of their system, hierarchies, subsystems, rules, roles, boundaries, etc., maintains the problem within the structure.
Structural Family Therapy: How can they change?
People change when the structure of the system is unbalanced and disrupted, not allowing the problem to return to its original place when the system returns to a balanced, reorganized structure.
Who are the founders of Structural Family Therapy?
Salvador Minuchin and Charles Fishmann
Bowen Intergenerational Family Systems: Why do people have problems?
People have problems when they are still caught in the emotional field of their family-of-origin.
Bowen Intergenerational Family Systems: How do they change?
People change when they are able to “leave” their family-of-origin and stand as separate individuals, individuated.
Who founded Bowen Intergenerational Family Systems?
Murray Bowen
Experiential Family Therapy: Why do people have problems?
Family problems are rooted in suppression of feelings, rigidity, denial of impulses,
lack of awareness, emotional deadness, and overuse of defense mechanisms.
Experiential Family Therapy: How do they change?
Therapists facilitate an experience that allows family members greater flexibility and variety of responses, allowing them to discover more possibilities than were previously available to them.
Who founded Experiential Family Therapy?
Carl Whitaker and Virginia Satir
Milan Systemic Therapy: Why do people have problems?
The problem is maintained by the family’s attempt to fix it. Dysfunctional patterns that maintain the problem in the “family game”.
Milan Systemic Therapy: How do they change?
Therapist perturb the sequence to create a new homeostasis and provide ways to do something different to allow the family to reorganize. Reorganization occurs without the problem.
Who founded Milan Systemic Therapy?
Mara Selvini Palazzoli
Collaborative Therapy: Why do people have problems?
People have problems because they have been unable to consider other possibilities and options to their problems. Their realities and belief systems are constructed and maintained in the language and relationships they have with significant others.
Collaborative Therapy: How do they change?
As clients become curious and ask questions about a problem or life situation, they participate in changing it. It is through mutual interaction and conversation between client and therapist that problems evolve and solutions emerge.
Who founded Collaborative Therapy?
Harlene Anderson
Contextual Therapy: Why do people have problems?
People have problems because they believe there are relational debts and entitlements that must be paid back. There is an unbalanced ledger that gets balanced in ways that are destructive to individuals and relationships, and posterity.
Contextual Therapy: How do they change?
There is an awareness of legacies, debts, and entitlements. Actions change to either no longer give power to the ledger or balance it in healthy ways.
Who founded Contextual Therapy?
Ivan Boszormenyi-Nagy
Object Relations: Why do people have problems?
Mental images of self and others are built from experience and expectation and then converted to internalized objects. Internalized objects become projected onto important others; we then evoke responses from them that fit that object, they comply, and we react to the projection rather than the real person.
Object Relations: How do they change?
They must be made aware of an freed from unconscious constraints so that they can interact as healthy individuals.
Who founded: Object Relations?
Melanie Klein
Emotion-Focused Therapy: Why do people have problems?
People have problems when attachments are insecure and the expression of emotion is indirect and reactive.
Emotion-Focused Therapy: How do they change?
Increase direct expression of emotions, especially those related to attachment needs.
Who founded Emotion-Focused Therapy?
Susan Johnson and Leslie Greenberg
