GCSE revision

Question 1

What are all living things made of

Answer 1

Cells

Question 2

True or False: Photosynthesis occurs in mitochondria.

Answer 2

False, it occurs in the chloroplasts

Question 3

Fill in the blank: The process by which plants make their own food using sunlight is called __________.

Answer 3

Photosynthesis

Question 4

What organelle is responsible for producing energy in an animal cell?

Answer 4

Mitochondria

Question 5

Which part of the cell contains the genetic material? (DNA)

Answer 5

Nucleus

Question 6

What is the function of ribosomes?

Answer 6

To produce proteins

Question 7

True or False: All cells have a cell wall.

Answer 7

False

Question 8

What is the term for the movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane from low concentration to high concentration?

Answer 8

Osmosis

Question 9

What is the chemical formula for glucose?

Answer 9

C6H12O6

Question 10

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a prokaryotic cell? A) Plant cell B) Animal cell C) Bacterial cell D) Fungal cell

Answer 10

C) Bacterial cell

Question 11

What is the primary function of chloroplasts?

Answer 11

Photosynthesis

Question 12

Fill in the blank: The cell membrane is __________ to allow certain substances to pass through.

Answer 12

Semi-permeable

Question 13

Which process do cells use to divide and replicate?

Answer 13

Mitosis

Question 14

True or False: DNA is found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.

Answer 14

False

Question 15

Which organelle produces energy in animal cells?

Answer 15

Mitochondria

Question 16

What is the name of genetic information?

Answer 16

DNA

Question 17

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the outer layer of a plant cell.

Answer 17

Cell wall

Question 18

True or False: All living organisms are made up of cells.

Answer 18

True

Question 19

What is the role of enzymes in biological reactions?

Answer 19

Catalysts that speed up reactions

Question 20

What structure controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell?

Answer 20

Cell membrane

Question 21

Fill in the blank: __________ are the building blocks of proteins.

Answer 21

Amino acids

Question 22

Which process involves the conversion of glucose into energy without oxygen?

Answer 22

Anaerobic respiration

Question 23

What is a mutation?

Answer 23

A change in the DNA sequence

Question 24

Multiple Choice: Which part of the cell is responsible for packaging proteins? A) Nucleus B) Ribosome C) Golgi apparatus D) Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 24

C) Golgi apparatus

Question 25

What type of cell division produces gametes?

Answer 25

Meiosis

Question 26

What is the term for a trait that is expressed only when two copies are present?

Answer 26

Recessive trait

Question 27

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the part of the cell that contains enzymes for digestion.

Answer 27

Lysosome

Question 28

True or False: A dominant allele will always be expressed in the phenotype.

Answer 28

True

Question 29

What is the study of heredity called?

Answer 29

Genetics

Question 30

What is the basic unit of life?

Answer 30

The cell.

Question 31

True or False: All living organisms are made up of cells.

Answer 31

True.

Question 32

What process do plants use to convert sunlight into energy?

Answer 32

Photosynthesis.

Question 33

Fill in the blank: The formula for photosynthesis is _____ + _____ → Glucose + Oxygen.

Answer 33

Carbon dioxide, Water.

Question 34

What organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?

Answer 34

Mitochondria.

Question 35

Which part of the cell contains the genetic material?

Answer 35

Nucleus.

Question 36

What is the function of ribosomes?

Answer 36

Protein synthesis.

Question 37

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a type of RNA? A) mRNA B) tRNA C) rRNA D) dRNA

Answer 37

D) dRNA.

Question 38

What is the role of the cell membrane?

Answer 38

To control what enters and exits the cell.

Question 39

True or False: DNA is made up of amino acids.

Answer 39

False.

Question 40

What are the building blocks of proteins?

Answer 40

Amino acids.

Question 41

Fill in the blank: The process of cell division in somatic cells is called _____

Answer 41

Mitosis.

Question 42

What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

Answer 42

Aerobic respiration requires oxygen, while anaerobic respiration does not.

Question 43

Multiple Choice: Which gas do plants take in during photosynthesis? A) Oxygen B) Carbon Dioxide C) Nitrogen D) Hydrogen

Answer 43

B) Carbon Dioxide.

Question 44

What is homeostasis?

Answer 44

The maintenance of a stable internal environment.

Question 45

True or False: The heart is part of the digestive system.

Answer 45

False.

Question 46

What type of blood cells are responsible for fighting infections?

Answer 46

White blood cells.

Question 47

Fill in the blank: The main function of the kidneys is to _____ waste.

Answer 47

Filter.

Question 48

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

Answer 48

To facilitate gas exchange.

Question 49

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a renewable resource? A) Coal B) Natural Gas C) Solar Energy D) Oil

Answer 49

C) Solar Energy.

Question 50

What is an ecosystem?

Answer 50

A community of living organisms and their physical environment interacting together.

Question 51

True or False: Herbivores are primary consumers.

Answer 51

True.

Question 52

What is the role of decomposers in an ecosystem?

Answer 52

To break down dead organic matter.

Question 53

Fill in the blank: The scientific study of heredity is called _____

Answer 53

Genetics.

Question 54

What is a genotype?

Answer 54

The genetic makeup of an organism.

Question 55

Multiple Choice: What is the dominant allele in a gene pair? A) The one that is expressed B) The one that is hidden C) None of the above D) Both are equal

Answer 55

A) The one that is expressed.

Question 56

True or False: A mutation can lead to genetic variation.

Answer 56

True.

Question 57

What is natural selection?

Answer 57

The process where organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.

Question 58

Fill in the blank: The process of evolution is driven by _____ selection.

Answer 58

Natural.

Question 59

What is the function of chlorophyll?

Answer 59

To absorb light energy for photosynthesis.

Question 60

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a component of the cell theory? A) All living things are made of cells B) Cells are the basic unit of life C) All cells come from pre-existing cells D) Cells can arise spontaneously

Answer 60

D) Cells can arise spontaneously.

Question 61

What is the primary function of the endocrine system?

Answer 61

To regulate bodily functions through hormones.

Question 62

True or False: Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions.

Answer 62

True.