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GCSE Computing > GCSE Computing > Flashcards

GCSE Computing Flashcards

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1
Q

Dedicated

A

Something which is designed for one particular purpose

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2
Q

Defragmenter

A

A utility that brings together file fragments on a disk and collects all of the free space in one area

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3
Q

Denary

A

A system of numbering using 10 digits, 0-9 (also called base-10)

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4
Q

Device Driver

A

A program that enables communication between a computer and a peripheral

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5
Q

Disk Organisation

A

The process of arranging files and data bytes on a secondary storage device

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6
Q

Domain name

A

A human-readable name for a resource on a network. It is changed to a numerical IP address by a DNS server

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7
Q

Clock Chip

A

The electronic device in a computer that controls the timing of signals

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8
Q

Code Editor

A

Text area used to enter code in an IDE

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9
Q

Colour Depth

A

The number of bits used for each pixel or dot. The more bits the more colours that can be represented.

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10
Q

Command Line

A

The place where typed commands are given to the operating system

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11
Q

Comparison

A

Comparing the values of two items and returning TRUE or FALSE depending upon the result of that comparison

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12
Q

Compiler

A

A translator that converts all of the source code to machine code in one go to produce the object code

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13
Q

Compression

A

Reduction in file size to reduce download times and storage requirements

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14
Q

Computer architecture

A

The internal, logical structure and organisation of the computer hardware

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15
Q

Concatenation

A

Combining two strings into a single string

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16
Q

Constant

A

A label referring to a location in memory containing a value that can be assessed but not changed by a program.

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17
Q

Boolean algebra

A

a method for expressing mathematically a logic circuit

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18
Q

Bus

A

a part of the computer architecture that transfers data and signals between the components of the computer

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19
Q

Byte

A

8 bits

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20
Q

Cache memory

A

special high memory used by a computer

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21
Q

Camera

A

a device to capture still or moving images

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22
Q

CD

A

a type of optical device with a capacity of 700MB

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23
Q

Character

A

a single alphabetic or numeric character

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24
Q

Character set

A

the characters available to a computer

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25
Q

CHR

A

uses the ASCII value to look up the character associated with a particular number

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26
Q

Client

A

software or hardware that requests services from a server

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27
Q

Accumulator

A

A register in the CPU that stores data currently being used by the CPU

28
Q

ACID

A

A set of rules that protects a database from errors during a transaction.

29
Q

Actuator

A

A device to produce physical movement based on output from a computer system.

30
Q

Address

A

A location in main memory used to store data or instructions.

31
Q

Algorithm

A

A series of steps designed to solve a mathematical or other problem

32
Q

ALU

A

The ALU performs all the arithmetic and logical operations within the CPU.

33
Q

Analogue

A

Refers to continuously changing values

34
Q

Applet

A

A small application that performs one specific task.

35
Q

Application

A

Software designed to carry out a useful real-world task

36
Q

ASCII

A

(American Standard Code for Information Interchange)

7-bit system to code the character set of a computer.

37
Q

Assembler

A

Software that translates assembly language code into machine code.

38
Q

Assembly Language

A

A low-level programming language that uses more memorable mnemonic codes and labels to represent machine-level code. Each instruction corresponds to just one machine operation.

39
Q

Assignment

A

Setting the value of a variable.

40
Q

Attribute

A

A characteristic of an entity. It becomes a field in a data table.

41
Q

Auto Documentation

A

System that tracks variables, modules and comments for maintenance purposes.

42
Q

Bar Code

A

A pattern of thin and thick lines representing a number that can scanned by a reader for input into a computer system.

43
Q

Binary

A

A system of numbers using only two digits, 0 and 1 (also called the base-2 system), unlike the decimal (or denary) system in everyday use that uses ten digits (base-10).

44
Q

Bit

A

Binary digit 1 or 0.

45
Q

Bit Rate

A

The bit rate is the space available for each sample, measured in kilobits per second.

46
Q

Boolean

A

A value that can only be true or false.

47
Q

Dual-core/quad core

A

A CPU with multiple processors ( a dual-core has two, a quad-core has four

48
Q

DVD

A

A type of optical device with a capacity of 4.7GB

49
Q

Editor

A

Software used for entering source code when writing a program

50
Q

Embedded system

A

A computer system that forms part of an electronic device

51
Q

Entity

A

Something that we store data about in a database

52
Q

Entity relationship diagram

A

A diagram that shows how different entities used in a database are connected

53
Q

Erroneous

A

Data that would not normally be expected such as the wrong data type

54
Q

Error diagnostics

A

System to warn of errors in the code and potential programs

55
Q

Extreme

A

Data that is the extreme limit of valid or invalid to check boundary conditions

56
Q

Failover

A

Automatic switching to a backup computer system in the event of system failure

57
Q

Control unit

A

The control unit works with the CPU to control the flow of data within the system

58
Q

CPU

A

Central processing unit of the computer containing the control unit, ALU and cache memory

59
Q

Custom written

A

Software developed specially for one or a few customers.

60
Q

Data dictionary

A

The stored schema of a database

61
Q

Data integrity

A

The state of data being as it should be, reflecting reality

62
Q

Data redundancy

A

The unnecessary repetition of data

63
Q

Debugger

A

Software that helps a programmer track down faults in a program

64
Q

Decision

A

A flow diagram symbol used to show a decision stage, may be ‘yes’ or ‘no’ or multiple values.

65
Q

Declaration

A

Identifying a variable or constant or array to a program so that memory space can be allocated

66
Q

Decode

A

An instruction is decoded by the CPU into two parts – the operator and the operand

GCSE Computing (1 decks)

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