GCSE Biology B.3-4.5

Question 1

What is a tissue??

Answer 1

A tissue is a groupnof cells with similar structure and function working together. For example muscular tissue can contract to bring about movement.

Question 2

What is an organ??

Answer 2

Argans are a collective of tissues. Each organ contains several tissues, all working together to perform a specific function.E.g the stomach is an organ involved in the digestion of food. It contains muscular tissue, to churn food and digestive food and digestive juices of the stomach together.

Question 3

What is the Organ System??

Answer 3

The organ system is a whole multicellular organism which is made up of organ systems working together. Organ systems are groups of organs that all work together to perform specific functions. The way in which one organ functions often depends on the other organs in the system. Organ systems work together to form organisms.

Question 4

Wht do digestive enzymes do??

Answer 4

Divestive enzymes convert food into small soluble molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream.

Question 5

What do carbohydrases do??

Answer 5

Carbohydrases break down to simple sugars. Amalyse is a carbohydrate which breaks down starch.

Question 6

What do proteases do??

Answer 6

Proteases break down proteins to amino acids

Question 7

What do lipases do??

Answer 7

Lipases break down lipids (fats) to glycerol and fatty acids.

Question 8

What do the products of digestion do??

Answer 8

The orofucts of digestion are used to buold new carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. Some glucose is used in respiration.

Question 9

Where is bile made and what does it do??

Answer 9

Bile is amde in the liver and stored in the gall baldder. It is alkaline to neutralise hydrochloric acid from the stomach. It also emulsifies fat to form small droplets which increases the surface area. The alkaline conditions and large surface area increase the rate of fat breakdown by lipase.

Question 10

What does the heart do and what is it??

Answer 10

The heart is an organ that pumps blood around the body in a double circulatory system. The right ventricle pumps blood to the lungs where gas exchange takes place. The left ventricle pumps blood around the rest of the body.

Question 11

What is the function of the pancreas??

Answer 11

Organ where small digested molecules are absorbed into the bloodstream. (Secretion of digestive enzymes)

Question 12

What is the function of the Stomach. (Site of some protein digestion)

Answer 12

It is an organ where food is churned with digestive juices and acids.

Question 13

What is the function of the small intestine?? (Absorption of soluble substances)

Answer 13

It is an organ that makes and releases digestive juices containing enzymes to break down your food.

Question 14

What is the function of the large intestine??

Answer 14

Organ where water passes back into the body, leaving solid waste.

Question 15

What is the function of the liver??

Answer 15

The function of liver is to produce bile which is very helpful when breaking down foods.

Question 16

Function of Carbohydrates??

Answer 16

Provide your body with energy. Carbohydrate foods are digested and broken down into glucose before entering the blood stream.

Question 17

Function of Proteins??

Answer 17

Help in metabolism by providing structural support and by acting as enzymes,carriers or hormones.

Question 18

Function of lipids??

Answer 18

To store energy. Signalling and acting as structural component of cell membranes

Question 19

What is blood?

Answer 19

Blood is a tissue consisting of plasma, in which the red blood cells,
white blood cells and platelets are suspended.

Question 20

What is the heart and fucntions?

Answer 20

The heart is an organ that pumps blood around the body in a double circulatory system. The right ventricle pumps blood to the lungs where gas exchange takes place. The left ventricle pumps blood around the rest of the body.

Question 21

Name the blood vessels?

Answer 21

The aorta, vena cava, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein and coronary arteries.

Question 22

Parts of lungs?

Answer 22

Trachea, bronchi, alveoli and the capillary network surrounding the alveoli.

Question 23

Artery

Answer 23

any of the muscular-walled tubes forming part of the circulation system by which blood (mainly that which has been oxygenated) is conveyed from the heart to all parts of the body.

Question 24

Vein

Answer 24

any of the tubes forming part of the blood circulation system of the body, carrying in most cases oxygen-depleted blood towards the heart.

Question 25

Capillary

Answer 25

any of the fine branching blood vessels that form a network between the arterioles and venules.

Question 26

What is active transport?

Answer 26

Active transport moves substances from a more dilute solution to a more concentrated solution (against a concentration gradient). This requires energy from respiration.

Question 27

Fucntions of active transport?

Answer 27

Active transport allows mineral ions to be absorbed into plant root hairs from very dilute solutions in the soil. Plants require ions for healthy growth.It also allows sugar molecules to be absorbed from lower concentrations in the gut into the blood which has a higher sugar concentration. Sugar molecules are used for cell respiration.