GCSE Biology B.3-4.5 Flashcards
What is a tissue??
A tissue is a groupnof cells with similar structure and function working together. For example muscular tissue can contract to bring about movement.
What is an organ??
Argans are a collective of tissues. Each organ contains several tissues, all working together to perform a specific function.E.g the stomach is an organ involved in the digestion of food. It contains muscular tissue, to churn food and digestive food and digestive juices of the stomach together.
What is the Organ System??
The organ system is a whole multicellular organism which is made up of organ systems working together. Organ systems are groups of organs that all work together to perform specific functions. The way in which one organ functions often depends on the other organs in the system. Organ systems work together to form organisms.
Wht do digestive enzymes do??
Divestive enzymes convert food into small soluble molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream.
What do carbohydrases do??
Carbohydrases break down to simple sugars. Amalyse is a carbohydrate which breaks down starch.
What do proteases do??
Proteases break down proteins to amino acids
What do lipases do??
Lipases break down lipids (fats) to glycerol and fatty acids.
What do the products of digestion do??
The orofucts of digestion are used to buold new carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. Some glucose is used in respiration.
Where is bile made and what does it do??
Bile is amde in the liver and stored in the gall baldder. It is alkaline to neutralise hydrochloric acid from the stomach. It also emulsifies fat to form small droplets which increases the surface area. The alkaline conditions and large surface area increase the rate of fat breakdown by lipase.
What does the heart do and what is it??
The heart is an organ that pumps blood around the body in a double circulatory system. The right ventricle pumps blood to the lungs where gas exchange takes place. The left ventricle pumps blood around the rest of the body.
What is the function of the pancreas??
Organ where small digested molecules are absorbed into the bloodstream. (Secretion of digestive enzymes)
What is the function of the Stomach. (Site of some protein digestion)
It is an organ where food is churned with digestive juices and acids.
What is the function of the small intestine?? (Absorption of soluble substances)
It is an organ that makes and releases digestive juices containing enzymes to break down your food.
What is the function of the large intestine??
Organ where water passes back into the body, leaving solid waste.
What is the function of the liver??
The function of liver is to produce bile which is very helpful when breaking down foods.
Function of Carbohydrates??
Provide your body with energy. Carbohydrate foods are digested and broken down into glucose before entering the blood stream.
Function of Proteins??
Help in metabolism by providing structural support and by acting as enzymes,carriers or hormones.
Function of lipids??
To store energy. Signalling and acting as structural component of cell membranes
What is blood?
Blood is a tissue consisting of plasma, in which the red blood cells,
white blood cells and platelets are suspended.
What is the heart and fucntions?
The heart is an organ that pumps blood around the body in a double circulatory system. The right ventricle pumps blood to the lungs where gas exchange takes place. The left ventricle pumps blood around the rest of the body.
Name the blood vessels?
The aorta, vena cava, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein and coronary arteries.
Parts of lungs?
Trachea, bronchi, alveoli and the capillary network surrounding the alveoli.
Artery
any of the muscular-walled tubes forming part of the circulation system by which blood (mainly that which has been oxygenated) is conveyed from the heart to all parts of the body.
Vein
any of the tubes forming part of the blood circulation system of the body, carrying in most cases oxygen-depleted blood towards the heart.
