(GCSE ARCHIVE) Python Concepts & Syntax

Question 1

Statement

Answer 1

A single instruction or step within a program

Question 2

Record

Answer 2

A data structure that stores elements, as a series of attributes, used in databases.

Question 3

Variable

Answer 3

A data element in a program whose value can change as the program is running

Question 4

Constant

Answer 4

A data element in a program whose value does not change as the program is running

Question 5

Input

Answer 5

Data introduced into a computer system from the outside world

Question 6

Output

Answer 6

Data that is presented to the outside world, such as by a printer or display

Question 7

Function

Answer 7

A named set of instructions that returns a value

Question 8

Procedure

Answer 8

A named set of instructions that does not return a value

Question 9

Assignment

Answer 9

The process of allocating a value to a data element

Question 10

String

Answer 10

A data type capable of storing combinations of numbers, letters and symbols

Question 11

Iteration

Answer 11

A type of programming construct in which a group of statements is executed repeatedly

Question 12

Selection

Answer 12

Program construct in which a condition is used to decide which instructions (if any) will be executed

Question 13

Sequence

Answer 13

Program construct in which a set of instructions are executed in the order in which they appear

Question 14

Casting

Answer 14

The process of converting one data type into another data type

Question 15

How to assign a string, integer, float, and Boolean in python

Answer 15

• bob = “string”
• john = 19
• david = 3.14
• sam = True

Question 16

How to convert a variable into a string, integer or float for concatenation. Rules for each one.

Answer 16

str(variable)
int(variable)
float(variable)

• String works for any data type
• Int only works integer strings (“12”) and truncates floats (12.8 becomes 12).
• Float only for integers and whole number string (“12” or 12 becomes 12.0)

Question 17

How to make a user input a string, integer, float

Answer 17

• string = input(“Enter a string:”)
• integer = int(input(“Enter an integer”))
• float = float(input(“Enter a float”))

Question 18

Arithmetic operators in python for addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, integer division, remainder.

Answer 18

Addition) +
Subtraction) -
Multiplication) *
Division) /
Integer Division) //
Remainder) %

Question 19

Boolean operators in python, not equal to, less than or equal to, and greater than or equal to.

Answer 19

Not equal to) !=
Less than or equal to) <=
Greater than or equal to) >=

Question 20

Return the number of characters in a string

Answer 20

• len(string)
• counting starts starts at 1

name = “Faisal”
print(len(name))

6

Question 21

How to return the position of the first occurennce of a particular value in a string.

Answer 21

• string.index(substring)
• starts counting from 0, as it is an index

string = “Faisal”
print(string.index(“F”))

0

Question 22

How to extract a character at a certain position in a string

Answer 22

• string[x]
• starts counting from 0, as it is an index

string = “Faisal”
print(string[0])

F

Question 23

How to make a string all uppercase

Answer 23

• string.upper()

string = “Faisal”
print(string.upper())

FAISAL

Question 24

How to make a string all lowercase

Answer 24

• string.lower()

string = “Faisal”
print(string.lower())

faisal

Question 25

How to extract a substring from one point to another

Answer 25

• string[x:y]
• be careful, as this starts counting from 1, unlike regular index.
• you could subtract (y-x) to get length

string = “Faisal”
print(string[3:6])

sal

Question 26

How to check if a string contains only digits

Answer 26

• string.isdigit()

age = 8
print(age.isdigit())

True

Question 27

How does string concatenation work? Example.

Answer 27

name1 = “Faisal”
name2 = “Mohammad”

print(name1+ name2)
FaisalMohammad

print(name1, name2)
Faisal Mohammad

Question 28

How do lists work in python?

Answer 28

• They work the same way as arrays. This is a 2D array list:

vowels = [“a”, “e”, “i”, “o”, “u”]
print(vowels[0])
print(len(vowels))

a
5

Question 29

How to make 2D lists/arrays in python?

Answer 29

listTwo = [[1, 2, 3], [4,5,6]]
print(listTwo[1])
print(listTwo[0][1])

[4, 5, 6]
2