gcse aqa bonding Flashcards
what is bonding?
an attraction between atoms
ionic bonding is
when a non metal and non metal react to from an ionic compound
what ions do metals form and why?
they form positive ions because they oxidise(lose electrons)
what ions do non metals form and why?
they form negative ions because they reduce(gain electrons)
describe an ionic compound
giant ionic lattice
strong ionic bonds
high melting/boiling points requiring lots of energy to break the bonds
conduct electricity in molten and dissolved form but not in solid form
describe an ionic reaction
the metal loses its electrons,the non metal gains its electrons.
covalent bonding is
the bond between non metals
group 7 gases are diatomic
covalent bonds between the atoms
why are group 7 gases at room temperature?
in order for a group 7 to be gas, only the weak intermolecular forces between the molecules need to be broken therefore it does not require lots of energy to be broken.
describe diamond
every carbon atom is bonded to 4 other carbon atoms with strong covalent bonds
high melting and boiling point
doesnt conduct electricity
giant covalent lattice
describe graphite
giant covalent lattice
every carbon atom is bonded to 3 other carbon atom
covalent bonds
layers so its slippery and soft
weak forces between layers
free electrons between layers allowing electricity to pass through
graphene
one layer of graphite
very strong and strong covalent bonds
does not have intermolecular forces
metallic bonding is
strong forces of attraction between metal atoms
metallic structure
- atoms and compact with strong forces of attraction making metals strong.
- they are malleable because they have same sized atoms in layers making it easy to shape them.
- free electrons which can carry electricity and thermal heat
