GC ch 2

Question 1

Only about –/– of initiatives are approved by the voters, and the am out of money spent correlates only very loosely with the probability of approval

Answer 1

1/3 (one third)

Question 2

— — (which flourished from 1900 to 1917) the leaders of this movement focused on one goal: making government more responsive to the political, social, and economic concerns of the people.

Answer 2

Progressive movement

Question 3

today California has the second highest number of — — , behind Alabama, and has the second longest state —, behind Louisiana. The California — is over 100 pages long

Answer 3

Constitutional amendments
Constitution
constitution

Question 4

Written by residents of the territory in anticipation of statehood, this constitution contains many of the basic ideas underlying California government today

Answer 4

The 1849 constitution

Question 5

Written by a constitutional convention in —, this is the basic document, with amendments, that is in force today

Answer 5

the 1879 constitution

Question 6

During this period, the progressives amended TH constitution and passed laws to return government to the people, temper the power of special interests, and make government responsive to the peoples desires and needs. The most prominent reforms of this period were the initiative, referendum, and recall

Answer 6

From 1900 to 1917

Question 7

Amendment after amendment lengthened the states constitution, resulting in a document that at one point was almost 100,000 words long. Several commissions proposed substantive changes, but only changes adopted came from two constitutional revision commissions, one in the 1960’s and the other in the 1990’s, that shortened and clarified language in the constitution but made no substantial changes to its provisions

Answer 7

From 1918 to present

Question 8

In — the newly elected president of the US Zachary Taylor proposed that California draft a constitution and apply for admission as a state directly to congress, instead of applying as a territory first and moving to state status later

Answer 8

1849

Question 9

California’s bill of rights is known as

Answer 9

“Declaration of Rights”

Question 10

1849 constitution
The framework of the government rested on — of — (executive, legislative, judicial) and checks and balances; like the — —-

Answer 10

Separation of powers

Federal government

Question 11

1849 constitution
Executive power was — a it is today, with the separate election and jurisdiction of the governor, lieutenant governor, comptroller, treasurer, attorney general, surveyor general and superintendent of public instruction. This — weakens the governor; who cannot appoint, or remove, senior members of his or her own administration. Moreover, echo of these statewide officials is a potential competitor for the Governor’s office, and each can put out statements that contradict what the governor is saying

Answer 11

Divided

Division

Question 12

1849 constitution

Begins with an extensive — - —

Answer 12

Bill of Rights

Question 13

1849 constitution

The legislature was elected and consisted of two houses, one called the – and the other the –

Answer 13

Senate

Assembly

Question 14

The 1879 constitution
A new political party, the — —, which supported many — deals, and which held 51 to 152 seats at the convention, played a significant role in the discussion of convening the constitution

Answer 14

Workingmen’s Party

Populist

Question 15

California’s declaration of rights can aloe be amended through the — — which allows individuals or groups to put proposed changes before the voting public sat any election

Answer 15

initiate process

Question 16

1900-1917: The Progressive Movement
This is the norm in local elections, by which no party label is a fixed to the candidates names on the ballot. Of the more than 19,000 elected public officials in California, less than 300 are elected in partisan races.

Answer 16

nonpartisanship

Question 17

1900-1917: Progressive Movement
Before the institution of — —, political parties chose their candidates in party conventions (with their stereotypes of the smoky back rooms) or caucuses, meetings of party members at the local level. In a — —, each prospective party nominee has to obtain more votes than any other prospective nominee to run as the party’s candidate in the general election in November

Answer 17

Primary election

Question 18

1900-1917: Progressive Movement
This is the ballot that we vote on today, with a “—” for each office and the candidates listed for that office. Before this reform, in some elections, voters cast ballots for their preferred party, not for individual candidates

Answer 18

The Office Block Ballot

Question 19

1900-1917: Progressive Movement
These grassroots processes (the initiate, referendum, and recall) give citizens he ability to rein in the abuse power by elected officials or to ignite those same public officials if they are paralyzed by inaction and partisan bickering

Answer 19

Direct democracy

Question 20

The – – had its rots in the economic and political changes that swept the US after the civil war. It was foreshadowed by the populist movement, which dominated American politics from 1870-1896

Answer 20

Progressive movement

Question 21

In California, one giant corporation, the – – –, stood above all others. It represented a concentration of wealth and power that gave t undue influence not only economically but also politically. To a degree perhaps unparalleled in the nation, the – – – and a web of associated interests ruled the state

Answer 21

Southern pacific railroad

Question 22

1907: a group of lawyers, new paper publishers, and other political reformers met in LA. they founded the Lincoln Republicans, later to become the — of — — – clubs, dedicated to ending the control of California politics by the southern pacific railroad ad linking themselves to the national progressive movement

Answer 22

League of Lincoln-Roosevelt Republican Clubs

Question 23

In 1910, — — became the candidate for governor of the Lincoln-Roosevelt League. He campaigned up and down the state, focusing on one main issue: the – – –

Answer 23

Hiram Johnson

Southern Pacific Railroad

Question 24

In 1911, the voters passed the —, the —, and the —. these three reforms, widely known as direct democracy, placed enormous power and control over government in the hands of the voters

Answer 24

Initiative, referendum, recall

Question 25

Women obtained the right to vote in California in

Answer 25

1911

Question 26

The —- in California more than kept their campaign promises to limit the influences of the corporations and the political parties in politics. In the first two years in office, the Johnson administration succeeded in breaking the power of the southern pacific railroad

Answer 26

Progressives

Question 27

The national progressive party lost its bid o capture the white house in 1912, with a ticket of Theodore Roosevelt for president and – – for vice president

Answer 27

Hiram Johnson

Question 28

If there was one major flaw in – –, it was the belief in he active, informed citizen willing to participate in politics. Progressives believed that given the opportunity, citizens would be happy to support the democratic process and spend whatever time and effort was needed to participate in elections. Since the late 1940’s, a host of studies has shown that large numbers of people don’t vote or pay attention to politics

Answer 28

Progressive Thinking

Question 29

These three mechanisms work in the same way.. citizens circulate petitions to gather a required number of signatures to bring the measure to statewide vote. The number of signatures, as we shall see, varies depending on the mechanism

Answer 29

Initiative Referendum, Recall

Question 30

Of the three direct voices in government, the — is the most well known and most frequently used. The process, also know as direct —, requires the proponent to obtain a title and summary of the proposed — from the state attorney general. Upon obtaining the title and the summary, the proponents have 150 dyes to circulate a petition to gather the required number of signatures to qualify for the ballot. 5% of voters in the last gubernatorial election for statues, and 8% for constitutional amendments. The secretary of state submits the measure at the next general election held at least 131 days after it qualifies or at any special election held before the next general election. The governor may call a special election for the measure.

Answer 30

Initiative

Legislation

Question 31

— have become a staple of California’s political fabric. From 1912-2012 over 1,600 — were titled and summaries for circulation. Of this number, 360 qualified for the ballot, 3 were removed by court order, and 121 were approved by the voters, for an overall passage rate of 34%

Answer 31

Initiatives

Question 32

A — allows voters to approve or reject statutes or amendments passed by the state legislature. The process is as follows: the measure may be proposed by presenting to the secretary of state. Petition with signatures equal to 5% of the voters in the last gubernatorial election. The filing of the signatures must take place within a 90 day period after the enactment of the statute. If it qualifies to be on the ballot, the measure prevents the law from taking effect until the electorate decides whether it should become a law.

Answer 32

Referendum

Question 33

The — is used infrequently. In fact, it has almost faded from use. Between 1912-2012, 48 referenda have appeared on the ballot. Using the same periods that we used for the initiative, there were 33 referenda from 1912-1939, 2 from 1940-1969, and 13 from 1970-2012.

Answer 33

Referendum

Question 34

The — allows voters to determine whether to recall an elected official before his or her term expires. Proponents first submit a petition alleging the reason for –. they have 150 days to present to the secretary of state a petition with the required number of signatures to qualify for the ballot. At the same time, if required, a successor is elected if the sitting official is —.

Answer 34

Recall
recall
Recalled

Question 35

— of statewide offices or the state legislature are rare. There have been eight — out of 118 filing against state office holders. seven of the eight were state legislatures; governor davis was the other.

Answer 35

Recalls

Question 36

A recent field poll reveals that Californians still support the institution of — — but not as strongly as in the past. In 1979, just after the passage of proposition 13, 83% of voters viewed statewide ballot position elections as a good thing. While the favorable rating has dropped considerably since then, a majority of Californians(53%) still favor statewide ballot proposition elections.

Answer 36

Direct democracy

Question 37

Relating to, involving, or associated with the governor

Answer 37

gubernatorial