GC Flashcards
What is food security?
When All people at all times have physical &economic access to sufficient, nutritious food that meets their dietary needs for a healthy lifestyle
What are the 3 pillars of food security?
Availability
Access
Utilisation of food
What is the GFSI?
The Global Food Security Index - Provides a global view of the most vulnerable countries to food insecurity
What are the 5 physical conditions needed for food growth?
Air
Light
Water
Soil
Temperature
What is an Agro-ecosystem?
An ecosystem on agricultural land with inputs, processes, throughputs and outputs
What is Extensive farming?
Large scale commercial farming, high yields per capita
What is intensive farming?
Small scale farming with high amounts of labour inputs
What is subsistence farming?
Farming for their own survival or the communities survival
What is commercial farming?
Farming on a large scale for profits
What are food miles?
The distance food has travelled from producers to consumer
What is the issue with TNCs in developing countries?
They have high amounts of capital and can farm at a higher rate than local farmers
Local suppliers have little power so they have higher amounts of power in the food system
How has globalisation increased obesity?
TNCs can have fast food in many countries now
Consumers has a wider choice of food all year round
Why are price crisis an issue?
As globalisation has connected food supply it means that the price is more volatile globally
How has globalisation led to technological innovation?
the global sharing of information has allowed for quicker innovation of farming
however developing countries struggle too keep up
How has globalisation influenced short term food aid?
has meant that countries can receive food aid quicker and through multiple different sources
Bilateral aid, Non-government, Multilateral aid
What are the 4 human factors influencing food security?
Land ownership & capital
Trade & Competition
Technology
Land-grabbing
How does Land ownership and capital influence food security?
In many countries land is essential as it can provide their incomes, food, water and house
If taken away then it can mean that this is at risk
How does Land Grabbing influence food secuirty?
This is when another developed country acquires land in a developing country for their own food security
This takes potential land and food production capabilities away from the target country and to the investor
How does competition influence food security?
Due to the increasing number of monopolies in the food market it means that their is less competition
This leads to underpaid farmers and potentially higher prices for those in developing countries
How does technology influence food security?
New technologies such as new seed strains or fertilizers can be used to increase yields and reduce food insecurity
ACs can take more advantage as they have the capital to use these
What is Malthusian Theory?
He argues that population grows Geometrically ( 1,2,4,8) but food was only growing arithmetically (1,2,3,4)
So population will outgrow the food production capacity until famine and war shrinks the population
What is Boserup’s theory?
As we approach resource depletion it would cause us to advance to find new ways to produce enough food for eveyone
What is a Pinch Point in the supply chain?
This is a place where disruption could be likely to happen
What is desertification?
the destruction of of the biological potential of land, leading to a reduction in agricultural capacity
