Gateway 2 - Coasts

Question 1

How are coasts used by people?

Answer 1

1) Fisheries and aquaculture
2) Housing and transportation
3) Tourism and recreation

Question 2

Fisheries and aquaculture

Answer 2

Fisheries: Areas where fish are bred to meet growing demand for fish

Aquaculture: Farming fish in cages or ponds close to shore, coasts, rivers or converted wetlands

Due to increasing demand for fish and overfishing, people turn to rearing fish in fisheries to keep up w/ demand
Fisheries and Aquaculture supply 30% of worlds fish demands

Question 3

F&A: Ca Mau, Vietnam

Answer 3

• 60,000 hectares of mangrove cleared and converted to shrimp farms
• Collected wood for building material, charcoal, firewood and medicinal usage
• Mangrove forests favourable > waterlogged
  L: Left Vietnams coastline more vulnerable to erosion from storms and pollution from pond waste

Solutions: Organic shrimp farming

Does not require clearance of mangroves
Shrimp bred under shade of mangroves
Protect forest and restores ecosystem

Question 4

Housing and transportation

Answer 4

• People live near/on coasts in stilt houses
• Stilt houses: Houses built on stilts above the water connected by walkways to allow people to commute easily.
• Stilt houses rely heavily on coasts for daily activities (i.e. fishing, removing of household waste)

Question 5

H&T: Air Masin, Kukup, Malaysia

Answer 5

• Approx. 180 stilt houses
• Floating fish farms common
• Fresh fish and marine products commonly produced and sold
• Accessible by boats and ferries
• Boats used for daily activities
• Local ferry services provide extra income and greatly drives local economy
• Mangroves forests used as tourist destination. Tours used to generate income.

Question 6

Tourism and recreation

Answer 6

• Coasts usually associated with tourism and recreation
  > Provide scenic view and peaceful environment
  > Popular and in high demand from tourists
• Governments invest and develop (i.e. build resorts, theme parks along) coast to attract more visitors

Question 7

T&R: ONE*15, Sentosa island, Singapore

Answer 7

• Provides outstanding marina facilities (Warfs for boat maintenance and servicing & recreational boating facilities)
• Incurred 19 million tourists in 2011
• Fuelled more development at Sentosa and upgrade to resorts