Gates and Circuits Flashcards
Define a Gate
A device that performs an essential operation on electrical signals
Define a Circuit
Gates combined to perform more complicated tasks
What are Boolean expressions
They use Boolean algebra, a mathematical notation for expressing two-valued logic
What is a Logic diagram
A graphical representation of a circuit, each gate has its symbol
What is a Truth table
A table showing all possible input values and the associated output values
What are the six types of gates
NOT, AND, OR, XOR, NAND, NOR
What does a NOT gate do
Accepts one input and returns the opposite signals as output
What does a AND gate do
Accepts two inputs, if both are 1, the output is 1; otherwise the output is 0
What does an OR gate do
Accepts two inputs, if both are 0, the output is 0; otherwise the output is 1
What does aa XOR gate do
Accepts two inputs, if both are the same the output is 0; otherwise the output is 1
What does a NAND gate do
Accepts two inputs, if both are 1, the output is 0; otherwise the output is 1
What does a NOR gate do
Accepts two inputs, if both are 0, the output is1; otherwise the output is 0
What is a transistor
A device that acts as a wire that conducts electricity or as a resistor that blocks the flow of electricity, depending on the voltage level of an input
What three things do transistors have
Collector, Base, Emittr
How can we describe circuits as
Boolean expressions, Truth tables, Logic Diagrams
What is Circuit Equivalence
A circuit which provides the same output when provided identical inputs
What is Circuit Equivalence
A circuit which provides the same output when provided identical inputs
What are adders
Logica circuits designed to perform the addition of binary values
What is a half adder
A circuit that computes the sum of two bits and produces the correct bit carry as well
What is a full adder
A circuit which takes a carry-in value as well as the two digits to add
What are multiplexers
A circuit which uses input control signals to determine which of the input data is routed to the output signal
Why are multiplexers used
A way of controlling the root of information going down wires, high or low voltages, also to make sure signals don’t overlap and go to the wrong destination
