Gate Architecture Flashcards
Gates
Device constructed from transistors that perform simple Boolean operations
Circuits
Device constructed from multiple gate that use the outputs of these gates to construct a Boolean expression
Exclusive or (XOR)
Either but not the same (x=/=y)
NAND Gate
NOT of the AND gate, both zero or Either.
NOR Gate
None only, else everything zero.
Transistors
Small devices constructed using semi-conducting materials, more efficient then the vacuum tube and has three components.
Transistor Source
Produces a voltage within the transistor, usually linked to computer power
Transistor Emitter
Connected to a ground wire, takes the output of the transistor
Transistor Base
Logic center of the Transistor
Associative Boolean Law
AB(C) = AB(C) A+(B+C) = (A+B)+C
Commutative Boolean Law
AB = BA A+B = B+A
Distributive Boolean Law
A(B+C) + AB+AC
A+(BC)=(A+B)(A+C)
Identity and Complement Boolean Laws
Identity - returns the original expression, A+0 or Ax1
Complement - AxA’ = 0, A+A’ = 1
De Morgans
(AB)' = A' + B' (A+B)' = A'B'
Three methods of expressing logic within computer systems
Boolean Equations, Logic Diagrams, Truth Tables
Half and Full Adders
Adders are simple circuits used to perform binary addition. Half adders don’t take carry ins into account, whilst full adders do.
Multiplexer (MUX)
Circuit that uses multiple inputs to determine which information is routed to the output - information is predetermined, only which one gets routed isn’t determined.
Sequential Circuits
Circuits that are dependent on internal state of the system - volatile memory for example
S-R Memory
Circuit able to store a single binary bit - several ways to be constructed, but simplest method is using two NAND gates
Design of the circuit typically result in N outputs never being the same, and a single output being considered as the information stored.
S-R Memory
Circuit able to store a single binary bit - several ways to be constructed, but simplest method is using two NAND gates
Design of the circuit typically result in N outputs never being the same, and a single output being considered as the information stored.
Integrated Circuits
Also known as a chip, piece of silicon with multiple gates etched into the board, usually mounted on a plastic/ceramic package and pins are soldered or socketed into appropriate I/O slots.
