Gastrointestinal Problems

Question 1

The enzyme in the saliva that aids in digestion

Answer 1

Amylase (Ptyalin)

Question 2

It kills microorganisms, breaks food into small particles, and provides a chemical environment that facilitates gastric enzyme activation.

Answer 2

Hydrochloric Acid

Question 3

It controls gastric acidity

Answer 3

Gastrin

Question 4

The largest gland in the body

Answer 4

Liver

Question 5

Synthesizes glucose, amino acids, and fats; stores and filters blood, vitamins A, D, and B, and iron; secretes bile to emulsify fats; aids in digestion of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins.

Answer 5

Liver

Question 6

Stores and concentrates bile and contracts to force bile into the duodenum during the digestion of fats.

Answer 6

Gallbladder

Question 7

Exocrine Gland: secretes sodium bicarbonate to neutralize the acidity of the stomach contents that enter the duodenum; Endocrine Gland: secretes glucagon to raise blood glucose levels and secretes somatostatin to exert a hypoglycemic effect.

Answer 7

Pancreas

Question 8

Exocrine Gland: Secretes sodium bicarbonate to neutralize the acidity of the stomach contents that enter the duodenum; Endocrine Gland: Secretes glucagon to raise blood glucose levels and secretes somatostatin to exert a hypoglycemic effect.

Answer 8

Pancreas

Question 9

Examination of the upper GI tract under fluoroscopy after the client drinks barium sulfate.

Answer 9

Upper GI Tract Study (Barium Swallow)

Question 10

A procedure that uses a small wireless camera shaped like a medication capsule that the client swallows; the test will detect bleeding or changes in the lining of the small intestine.

Answer 10

Capsule endoscopy

Question 11

Used to assess clients with recurrent ulcers after surgical vagotomy; Requires the passage of a nasogastric (NG) tube into the stomach to aspirate gastric contents for the analysis of acidity (pH), appearance, and volume.

Answer 11

Gastric Analysis

Question 12

Following sedation, an endoscope is passed down the esophagus to view the gastric wall, sphincters, and duodenum; tissue specimens can be obtained.

Answer 12

Upper GI endoscopy

Question 13

Fiberoptic endoscopy study in which the lining of the large intestine is visually examined; biopsies and polypectomies can be performed.

Answer 13

Fiberoptic colonoscopy

Question 14

Performed with a fiberoptic laparoscope that allows direct visualization of organs and structures within the abdomen; biopsies may be obtained.

Answer 14

Laparoscopy

Question 15

Examination of the hepatobiliary system is performed via a flexible endoscope inserted into the esophagus to the descending duodenum; multiple positions are required during the procedure to pass the endoscope.

Answer 15

Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)

Question 16

Uses magnetic resonance to visualize the biliary and pancreatic ducts in a noninvasive way.

Answer 16

Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography

Question 17

Provides images of the GI wall and digestive organs

Answer 17

Endoscopic Ultrasonography

Question 18

Uses magnetic resonance to visualize the biliary and pancreatic ducts in a noninvasive way; a noninvasive alternative to ERCP.

Answer 18

Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography (MRCP)

Question 19

Noninvasive cross-sectional view that can detect tissue densities in the abdomen, including in the liver, spleen, pancreas, and biliary tree.

Answer 19

Computed tomography (CT) scan

Question 20

A needle or catheter is inserted into the peritoneal cavity to obtain or remove fluid for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes.

Answer 20

Paracentesis

Question 21

A needle is inserted through the abdominal wall to the liver to obtain a tissue sample for biopsy and microscopic examination.

Answer 21

Liver biopsy

Question 22

Detects the presence of Helicobacter pylori, the bacteria that cause peptic ulcer disease.

Answer 22

Urea Breath Test