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CARES Yr 2 > Gastrointestinal pain - Clinical Case > Flashcards

Gastrointestinal pain - Clinical Case Flashcards

1
Q

Where does gall stone pain usually occur?

A

right upper quadrant

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2
Q

What often exacerbates gall stone pain?

A

eating fatty meals

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3
Q

Where does gall stone pain radiate to?

A

shoulder tip

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4
Q

Why does gall stone pain radiate to the shoulder tip?

A

the phrenic nerve courses from the gall bladder, through the diaphragm and to the shoulder tip

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5
Q

Describe the position of pain in appendicitis:

A

pain begins central but moves to localise in the right iliac fossa

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6
Q

Where is pancreatitis pain found?

A

central epigastrium

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7
Q

Where does pancreatitis pain radiate to?

A

back

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8
Q

What is renal colic?

A

obstruction of the ureter from a dislodged kidney stone

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9
Q

Where is renal colic pain found?

A

flank pain

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10
Q

Where does renal colic pain radiate to?

A

lateral abdomen and groin

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11
Q

What is the medical term for problems with swallowing?

A

dysphagia

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12
Q

What is the medical term for pain when swallowing?

A

odynophagia

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13
Q

What is the medical term for vomiting blood?

A

hematemesis

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14
Q

What is the medical term for getting full quickly when eating?

A

early satiety

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15
Q

What kind of medical issues cause dysphagia to liquids and coughing after swallowing?

A

neurological issues e.g. post-stroke

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16
Q

Describe the events that cause meleana:

A

bleeding in the upper GI tract (oesophagus and stomach) meaning blood is processed in the intestines, changing its consistency so it is black and tar-like

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17
Q

What does coffee ground emesis indicate?

A

slow upper GI bleed

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18
Q

What does fresh blood in stool indicate?

A

lower GI bleed

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19
Q

Give 5 causes of a GI bleed:

A

1) peptic ulcer disease

2) stomach/ oesophageal cancer

3) gastritis/ oesophagitis

4) Mallory Weiss tear

5) varices

20
Q

What is a Mallory-Weiss tear?

A

A linear mucosal tear in the oesophagus at the gastroesophageal junction

21
Q

True or false: oesophageal/ stomach cancer results in dysphagia

A

true

22
Q

True or false: peptic ulcer disease results in dysphagia

A

false

23
Q

True or false: gastritis and oesophageal/ gastric cancer results in reduced appetite

A

true

24
Q

True or false: peptic ulcer disease, varices and Mallory-Weiss tears result in reduced appetite

A

false

25
Q

True or false: peptic ulcer disease, gastritis/ oesophagitis and oesophageal/ stomach cancer causes reflus

A

true

26
Q

True or false: varices and Mallory-Weiss tears cause reflux

A

false

27
Q

True or false: Mallory-Weiss tears cause a lot of vomiting

A

true

28
Q

True or false: peptic ulcer disease, gastritis, oesophagitis, Mallory-Weiss tears and oesophageal/ gastric cancer causes nausea

A

true

29
Q

True or false: varices essentially have no symptoms

A

true

30
Q

Give 4 clinical signs for anaemia:

A

1) leukonychia

2) kolionychia

3) angular stomatitis

4) pale/ red smooth tongue

31
Q

What is leukonychia?

A

White spots on the nail plate

32
Q

What is koilonychia?

A

koilonychia?
Spoon shaped nails often seen in iron-deficiency anaemia

33
Q

What is angular stomatitis?

A

red, cracked appearance around the mouth

34
Q

Give 5 clinical signs of chronic liver disease:

A

1) Dupuytren’s contracture

2) jaundice

3) spider nevi

4) gynaecomastia

5) caput medusa

35
Q

What is Dupuytren’s contracture?

A

fingers bending towards the palms due to tendons becoming fibrous

36
Q

What is the upper right side of the abdomen called?

A

right hypochondrium

37
Q

What is the upper left side of the abdomen called?

A

left hypochondrium

38
Q

What is the upper central region of the abdomen called?

A

epigastrium

39
Q

What is the mid-central region of the abdomen called?

A

umbilical region

40
Q

What is the mid-right region of the abdomen called?

A

right flank

41
Q

What is the mid-left region of the abdomen called?

A

left flank

42
Q

What is the name of the lower-right region of the abdomen?

A

right iliac fossa

43
Q

What is the name of the lower-left region of the abdomen?

A

left iliac fossa

44
Q

What is the name of the lower-central region of the abdomen called?

A

left iliac fossa

45
Q

Give two features of Murphy’s sign:

A

1) tender in the right hypochondrium

2) pain on inspiration

46
Q

What is Murphy’s sign a sign for?

A

gall bladder disease

CARES Yr 2 (4 decks)

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