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physiology > gastrointestinal Function > Flashcards

gastrointestinal Function Flashcards

1
Q

Chronic administration of which of the following type of drugs would lead to a sustained increase in serum gastrin levels

A

Proton pump inhibitors

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2
Q

Which of the following statements about small intestinal motility is correct

A

Contractile activity is initiated in response to bowl wall distention

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3
Q

Which one of the following statements about gastric emptying is correct

A

Vagotomy decreases accommodation of the proximal stomach

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4
Q

Vitamin B12 is absorbed primarily in the

A

Ileum

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5
Q

The principal paracrine secretion involved in the inhibitory feedback regulation of gastric acid secretion is

A

Somatostatin

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6
Q

Which one of the following is the putative inhibitory neurotransmitter responsible for relaxation of gastrointestinal smooth muscle

A

Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)or NO

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7
Q

Which one of the following statements best describes water and electrolyte absorption in the GI tract

A

The majority of absorption occurs in the jejunum

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8
Q

Which of the following statements is NOT true

A

The force of contraction of gastric smooth muscle is independent of the presence of action potentials on top of the slow waves

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9
Q

The hormone involved in the initiation of the migrating motor complex is

A

Motilin

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10
Q

The rate of gastric emptying increases with an increase in

A

Intragastric volume

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11
Q

Basal acid output is increased by

A

Alkalinization of the antrum

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12
Q

Which one of the following processes applies to the proximal stomach

A

Accommodation

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13
Q

After secretion of trypsinogen into the duodenum,the enzyme is converted into its active form,trypsin by

A

Enteropeptidase

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14
Q

Pharmacological blockade of histamine H2 receptors in the gastric mucosa

A

Inhibits both gastrin-and acetylcholine-mediated secretion of acid

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15
Q

Removal of proximal segments of the small intestine results in a decrease in

A

Pancreatic enzyme secretion

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16
Q

Dietary fat,after being processed,is extruded from the mucosal cells of the gastrointestinal tract into the lymphatic ducts in the form of

A

Chylomicrons

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17
Q

Gas within the colon is primarily derived from which one of the following sources

A

Fermentation of undigested oligosaccharides by bacteria

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18
Q

Which of the following has the highest pH

A

Pancreatic juice

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19
Q

Contraction of the gallbladder is correctly described by which of the following statements

A

It occurs in response to cholecystokinin

20
Q

Acidification of the duodenum will

A

Decrease gastric emptying

21
Q

Which of the following sugars is absorbed from the small intestine by facilitated diffusion

A

Fructose

22
Q

Nearly all binding of cobalamin (vitamin B12)to intrinsic factor occurs in the

A

Stomach

23
Q

Secretion of H+by gastric parietal cells occurs by which of the following processes

A

Primary active transport

24
Q

Which statement about gastric motility is NOT correct

A

Secretin,a hormone released by the duodenum,acts to increase the rate of gastric emptying

25
Q

The origin of electrical slow wave activity in gastrointestinal tract smooth muscle is

A

The intestinal cells of Cajal

26
Q

The major factor that protects the duodenal mucosa from damage by gastric acid is

A

Pancreatic bicarbonate secretion

27
Q

Bicarbonate absorption from the upper small intestine is closely coupled with

A

Na-glucose absorption

28
Q

The migration motor complex in humans

A

Requires an intact intrinsic nervous system for coordinated propagation

29
Q

The delivery of chyme into the proximal small intestine will

A

Increase small intestine segmentation

30
Q

The paracrine secretion responsible for inhibiting gastric acid secretion is

A

Somatostatin

31
Q

Which of the following is the site of secretion of intrinsic factor

A

Gastric fundus

32
Q

Cholecystokinin (CCK)inhibits

A

Gastric emptying

33
Q

Which of the following abolishes “receptive relaxation “of the stomach

A

Vagotomy

34
Q

Secretion of which of the following substances is inhibited by low pH

A

Gastrin

35
Q

Which of the following is the site of secretion of gastrin

A

Gastric antrum

36
Q

Which of the following is characteristic of saliva

A

Hypotonicity relative to plasma

37
Q

Which of the following is true about the secretion from the exocrine pancreas

A

Pancreatic enzyme secretion is increased by cholecystokinin (CCK)

38
Q

Which of the following substances must be further digested before it can be absorbed by specific carriers in intestinal cells

A

Sucrose

39
Q

Slow waves in small intestinal smooth muscle cells are

A

Oscillating resting membrane potentials (membrane potential that cycle between depolarizations and repolarizations)

40
Q

Peristalsis of the small intestine

A

Involves contraction of smooth muscle behind the food bolus and relaxation of smooth muscle in front of the bolus

41
Q

A patient with a duodenal ulcer is treated successfully with the drug cimetidine. The basis

A

Blocks H2 receptors on parietal cells

42
Q

When parietal cells are stimulated, the secrete

A

HCL and intrinsic factor

43
Q

Which of the following is the site of Na+—-bile acid cotransport

A

Ileum

44
Q

The pathway from the intestinal lumen to the circulating blood for a short-chain fatty acid

A

Intestinal mucosal cell——>hepatic portal vein blood———->systemic venous blood

45
Q

Water is absorbed in the jejunum,ileum, and colon and excreted in the feces.Arrange these in order of the amount of water absorbed or excreted from greatest to smallest

A

Jejunum,ileum,colon,feces

46
Q

Which of the following statements is FALSE

A

Distention of the body and fundus elicit reflexes that inhibit HCl secretion

physiology (3 decks)

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