gastrointestinal Function

Question 1

Chronic administration of which of the following type of drugs would lead to a sustained increase in serum gastrin levels

Answer 1

Proton pump inhibitors

Question 2

Which of the following statements about small intestinal motility is correct

Answer 2

Contractile activity is initiated in response to bowl wall distention

Question 3

Which one of the following statements about gastric emptying is correct

Answer 3

Vagotomy decreases accommodation of the proximal stomach

Question 4

Vitamin B12 is absorbed primarily in the

Answer 4

Ileum

Question 5

The principal paracrine secretion involved in the inhibitory feedback regulation of gastric acid secretion is

Answer 5

Somatostatin

Question 6

Which one of the following is the putative inhibitory neurotransmitter responsible for relaxation of gastrointestinal smooth muscle

Answer 6

Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)or NO

Question 7

Which one of the following statements best describes water and electrolyte absorption in the GI tract

Answer 7

The majority of absorption occurs in the jejunum

Question 8

Which of the following statements is NOT true

Answer 8

The force of contraction of gastric smooth muscle is independent of the presence of action potentials on top of the slow waves

Question 9

The hormone involved in the initiation of the migrating motor complex is

Answer 9

Motilin

Question 10

The rate of gastric emptying increases with an increase in

Answer 10

Intragastric volume

Question 11

Basal acid output is increased by

Answer 11

Alkalinization of the antrum

Question 12

Which one of the following processes applies to the proximal stomach

Answer 12

Accommodation

Question 13

After secretion of trypsinogen into the duodenum,the enzyme is converted into its active form,trypsin by

Answer 13

Enteropeptidase

Question 14

Pharmacological blockade of histamine H2 receptors in the gastric mucosa

Answer 14

Inhibits both gastrin-and acetylcholine-mediated secretion of acid

Question 15

Removal of proximal segments of the small intestine results in a decrease in

Answer 15

Pancreatic enzyme secretion

Question 16

Dietary fat,after being processed,is extruded from the mucosal cells of the gastrointestinal tract into the lymphatic ducts in the form of

Answer 16

Chylomicrons

Question 17

Gas within the colon is primarily derived from which one of the following sources

Answer 17

Fermentation of undigested oligosaccharides by bacteria

Question 18

Which of the following has the highest pH

Answer 18

Pancreatic juice

Question 19

Contraction of the gallbladder is correctly described by which of the following statements

Answer 19

It occurs in response to cholecystokinin

Question 20

Acidification of the duodenum will

Answer 20

Decrease gastric emptying

Question 21

Which of the following sugars is absorbed from the small intestine by facilitated diffusion

Answer 21

Fructose

Question 22

Nearly all binding of cobalamin (vitamin B12)to intrinsic factor occurs in the

Answer 22

Stomach

Question 23

Secretion of H+by gastric parietal cells occurs by which of the following processes

Answer 23

Primary active transport

Question 24

Which statement about gastric motility is NOT correct

Answer 24

Secretin,a hormone released by the duodenum,acts to increase the rate of gastric emptying

Question 25

The origin of electrical slow wave activity in gastrointestinal tract smooth muscle is

Answer 25

The intestinal cells of Cajal

Question 26

The major factor that protects the duodenal mucosa from damage by gastric acid is

Answer 26

Pancreatic bicarbonate secretion

Question 27

Bicarbonate absorption from the upper small intestine is closely coupled with

Answer 27

Na-glucose absorption

Question 28

The migration motor complex in humans

Answer 28

Requires an intact intrinsic nervous system for coordinated propagation

Question 29

The delivery of chyme into the proximal small intestine will

Answer 29

Increase small intestine segmentation

Question 30

The paracrine secretion responsible for inhibiting gastric acid secretion is

Answer 30

Somatostatin

Question 31

Which of the following is the site of secretion of intrinsic factor

Answer 31

Gastric fundus

Question 32

Cholecystokinin (CCK)inhibits

Answer 32

Gastric emptying

Question 33

Which of the following abolishes "receptive relaxation "of the stomach

Answer 33

Vagotomy

Question 34

Secretion of which of the following substances is inhibited by low pH

Answer 34

Gastrin

Question 35

Which of the following is the site of secretion of gastrin

Answer 35

Gastric antrum

Question 36

Which of the following is characteristic of saliva

Answer 36

Hypotonicity relative to plasma

Question 37

Which of the following is true about the secretion from the exocrine pancreas

Answer 37

Pancreatic enzyme secretion is increased by cholecystokinin (CCK)

Question 38

Which of the following substances must be further digested before it can be absorbed by specific carriers in intestinal cells

Answer 38

Sucrose

Question 39

Slow waves in small intestinal smooth muscle cells are

Answer 39

Oscillating resting membrane potentials (membrane potential that cycle between depolarizations and repolarizations)

Question 40

Peristalsis of the small intestine

Answer 40

Involves contraction of smooth muscle behind the food bolus and relaxation of smooth muscle in front of the bolus

Question 41

A patient with a duodenal ulcer is treated successfully with the drug cimetidine. The basis

Answer 41

Blocks H2 receptors on parietal cells

Question 42

When parietal cells are stimulated, the secrete

Answer 42

HCL and intrinsic factor

Question 43

Which of the following is the site of Na+----bile acid cotransport

Answer 43

Ileum

Question 44

The pathway from the intestinal lumen to the circulating blood for a short-chain fatty acid

Answer 44

Intestinal mucosal cell------>hepatic portal vein blood---------->systemic venous blood

Question 45

Water is absorbed in the jejunum,ileum, and colon and excreted in the feces.Arrange these in order of the amount of water absorbed or excreted from greatest to smallest

Answer 45

Jejunum,ileum,colon,feces

Question 46

Which of the following statements is FALSE

Answer 46

Distention of the body and fundus elicit reflexes that inhibit HCl secretion