GASTROINTESTINAL ASSESSMENT (finals)

Question 1

The _______ is a series of hollow organs that form a long continuous passage from our mouth to our anus.

Answer 1

gastrointestinal tract (also called the GI tract)

Question 2

The gastrointestinal tract (also called the GI tract) is a series of hollow organs that form a long continuous passage from our ______ to our ________.

Answer 2

mouth to anus

Question 3

An abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in the abdominal cavity containing large amounts of protein and electrolytes.

Answer 3

Ascites

Question 4

A protruding part; an outward curve or swelling.

Answer 4

Bulge

Question 5

_______ of the liver is a chronic disease of the liver characterized by the replacement of normal tissue with fibrous tissue and the loss of functional liver cells.

Answer 5

Cirrhosis

Question 6

The process by which food is converted into substances that can be absorbed and assimilated by the body.

Answer 6

Digestion

Question 7

Difficulty in swallowing.

Answer 7

Dysphagia

Question 8

Abnormally dilated or swollen vessels in the esophagus, which can lead to bleeding.

Answer 8

Esophageal varices

Question 9

An abnormally high sensitivity to certain foods.

Answer 9

Food allergy

Question 10

Inability to completely digest a type of food, usually due to an enzyme deficiency.

Answer 10

Food intolerance

Question 11

The protrusion of an organ or other bodily structure through the wall that normally contains it; a rupture.

Answer 11

Hernia

Question 12

An aggregate of cells clumped together, such as a tumor.

Answer 12

Mass

Question 13

A dilation of superficial capillaries with a central red dot from which blood vessels radiate.

Answer 13

Spider nevi (or angioma)

Question 14

Pain sensation experienced in one part of the body that is different to the actual area of pathology.

Answer 14

Referred pain

Question 15

Pain related to the internal organs.

Answer 15

Visceral pain

Question 16

The abdomen is bordered superiorly by the _____, inferiorly by the symphysis pubis and inguinal canals, and laterally by the flanks.

Answer 16

coastal margins,

Question 17

The abdomen is bordered superiorly by the coastal margins, inferiorly by the _____ and ______, and laterally by the flanks.

Answer 17

symphysis pubis and inguinal canals

Question 18

The abdomen is bordered superiorly by the coastal margins, inferiorly by the symphysis pubis and inguinal canals, and laterally by the _____.

Answer 18

flanks

Question 19

The quadrants are determined by an imaginary vertical line (midline) extending from the tip of the ______ (xiphoid) through the umbilicus to the _______

Answer 19

sternum(xiphoid);

symphysis pubis.

Question 20

Familiarization with the organs and structures in each quadrant is essential to ____,______,_____

Answer 20

1. accurate data collection
2. accurate interpretation
3. accurate documentation of findings.

Question 21

• Another method is dividing by REGIONS: ______,_____,_____ or ______

Answer 21

epigastric, umbilical, and hypogastric or suprapubic.

Question 22

special maneuvers for Ascites:

Answer 22

• Measure Abdominal Girth using the “Same Rule”
• Fluid Wave Test
• Shifting Dullness

Question 23

special maneuvers for Appendicitis:

Answer 23

• Rebound Tenderness
• Psoas Sign
• Obturator Sign

Question 24

maneuver for Cholecystitis:

Answer 24

• Murphy Sign

Question 25

What do you check for inspection:

Answer 25

• presence of abnormal masses
• distension
• ecchymosis