Gastrointestinal

Question 0

is usually excitatory on the functions of the GI tract.
■ is carried via the vagus and pelvic nerves.
■ Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers synapse in the myenteric and submucosalplexuses.
■ Cell bodies in the ganglia of the plexuses then send information to the smoothmuscle, secretory cells, and endocrine cells of the GI tract.
What nervous system type?

Answer 0

Parasympathetic!

Question 1

occurs when gastrin is secreted by non–β-cell tumors of the pancreas.

Answer 1

Zollinger ellison syndrome or gastrinoma

Question 2

Stimulates contraction of the gallbladder and simultaneously causes relaxation ofthe sphincter of Oddi for secretion of bile.
Stimulates pancreatic enzyme secretion.
Potentiates secretin-induced stimulation of pancreatic HCO3– secretion.
Stimulates growth of the exocrine pancreas.
Inhibits gastric emptying.

Answer 2

CCK

Question 3

only GI hormone that is released in response to fat, protein, and carbo-hydrate.

Answer 3

GIP

Question 4

Pacemaker og GI muscle contraction

Answer 4

Interstitial cells of Cajal

Question 5

is a vagovagal reflex that is initiated by distention of the stomach and is abolished byvagotomy.

Answer 5

receptive relaxation

Question 6

Even during fasting, contractions (the “migrating myoelectric complex”) occur at 90-minute intervals and clear the stomach of residual food. What is the mediator for this phenomenon?

Answer 6

Motilin

Question 7

Cell that secretes HCl and intrinsic factor

Answer 7

Parietal cells

Question 8

Secretes pepsinogen?

Answer 8

Chief cells in the body of stomach

Question 9

secreted by the I cells of the duodenum in response to small peptides, aminoacids, and fatty acids in the duodenal lumen.
■ acts on the pancreatic acinar cells to increase enzyme secretion (amylase, lipases,proteases).
■ potentiates the effect of secretin on ductal cells to stimulate HCO3– secretion.

Answer 9

CCK

Question 10

primary bile acids?

Answer 10

cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid)