Gastrointestinal

Question 1

Acute Abdomen

Appendicitis
* Epidemiology

Answer 1

• 6% of the population, males > females
• 80% of cases between the ages of 5 - 35

Question 2

Acute Abdomen

Appendicitis
* Signs and symptoms

Question 3

Acute Abdomen

Appendicitis
* Complications

Answer 3

• Perforation - especially if >24hr duration
• Abscess, phlegmon

Question 4

Acute Abdomen

Appendicitis
* Investigations

Question 5

Acute Abdomen

Appendicitis
* PALabs

Question 6

Acute Abdomen

Appendicitis
* Management

Question 7

Acute Abdomen

Appendicitis
* Prognosis

Question 8

Acute Abdomen

Cholecystitis
* Definitions

Question 9

Acute Abdomen

Cholecystitis
* Risk factors

Question 10

Acute Abdomen

Cholecystitis
* Signs and Symptoms

Question 11

Acute Abdomen

Cholecystitis
* Complications

Question 12

Acute Abdomen

Cholecystitis
* Investigations

Question 13

Acute Abdomen

Cholecystitis
* Management

Question 14

Acute Abdomen

Diverticulitis
* Definition

Answer 14

Multifactorial inflammatory reaction centered on thin-walled diverticula (bacteria stasis leading to inflammation, focal ischemia and perforation)

Question 15

Acute Abdomen

Diverticulitis
* Signs and Symptoms

Question 16

Acute Abdomen

Diverticulitis
* Differential
* Complications

Answer 16

Differentials
* Constipation
* IBS
* Appendicitis
* IBD
* Neoplasia
* Bowel obstruction
* Kidney stone
* UTI
* Gyne disorder

Complications
* Abscess
* Fistula
* Obstruction
* Perforation

Question 17

Acute Abdomen

Diverticulitis
* Investigations

Question 18

Diverticulitis

Acute Abdomen
* Management

Question 19

Acute Abdomen

Diverticulitis
* Prognosis

Answer 19

• 13-30% recurrence after 1 attack, 30 - 50% after 2 attacks
• Factors increasing recurrence: young age, obesity, abscess
• Prevention: no tobacco, decrease meat, physical activity, decrease weight, NSAID ≤ 2/w

Question 20

Acute Abdomen

Pancreatitis
* Epidemiology

Answer 20

• Case fatality of acute pancreatitis ~5%

Question 21

Acute Abdomen

Pancreatitis
* Etiology

Question 22

Acute Abdomen

Pancreatitis
* Signs and symptoms

Question 23

Acute Abdomen

Pancreatitis
* Complications

Question 24

Acute Abdomen

Pancreatitis
* Investigations

Question 25

# Acute Abdomen Pancreatitis * Management

Question 26

# Acute Abdomen Pancreatitis * Prognosis

Question 27

# Celiac Definition

Question 28

# Celiac Epidemiology

Question 29

# Celiac Patterns of Celiac

Question 30

# Celiac Associated conditions/ risk factors

Question 31

# Celiac Screening/Testing - consider if ...

Question 32

# Celiac Prevention

Answer 32

Some evidence that delaying intorduction of gluten until 4 - 6 months of age decreases risk of celiac

Question 33

# Celiac Complications

Answer 33

* Nutritional deficiencies (ex: anemia) * OP * Growth failure * Possible autoimmune disorders + malignancies

Question 34

# Celiac Pediatric signs and symptoms

Answer 34

* Anorexia * Chronic constipation * Delayed puberty, growth failure * Irritability * Recurrent vomiting

Question 35

# Celiac * GI symptoms * Non GI symptoms

Question 36

# Celiac Bone health in Celiac Disease

Question 37

# Celiac Investigations to confirm Celiac DIsease

Question 38

# Celiac Management

Question 39

# Celiac Refractory symptoms/dz

Question 40

# Crohn's Disease Definition

Answer 40

Chronic inflammatory disease primarily affecting the gut (potentially entire gut --> "gum to bum", but usually ileum + colon)

Question 41

# Crohn's Disease Epidemiology

Answer 41

* Incidence 1-6/100,000 * Prevalence 10-100/100,000 * Bimodal <30 and around 60 * Females = males

Question 42

# Crohn's Disease Risk factors

Answer 42

* Smoking * Ashkenazi Jews **Exacerbating Factors** * Infection * Cigarette smoking * NSAIDs

Question 43

# Crohn's Disease Signs + Symptoms

Question 44

# Crohn's Disease Extraintestinal features + prevalence

Question 45

# Crohn's Disease Differentials

Question 46

# Crohn's Disease Prognosis

Question 47

# Crohn's Disease Initial Investigations

Question 48

# Crohn's Disease Complications (of IBD) ** must educate patients

Question 49

# Crohn's Disease Disease activity

Answer 49

Use the Crohn's disease activity index in adults or the pediatric Crohn's disease activity index to assess severity

Question 50

# Crohn's Disease Initial management

Question 51

# Crohn's Disease Management Routine Health

Question 52

# Crohn's Disease Management