Gastrointestinal

Question 1

Side effects of loperamide?

Answer 1

GI issues, dry mouth, urinary retention, dizzy, constipation

Question 2

Drugs interacting with loperamide?

Answer 2

CLOZAPINE- constipation, anything else causing constipation, anything containing opioids

Question 3

MHRA warnings of loperamide?

Answer 3

QT prolongation, torsades de pointes, and cardiac arrest

Question 4

What is cholestyramine’s MOA and what are its indications & doses?

Answer 4

-bile acid binder- prevents their reabsorption.
-Diarrhoea associated with Crohn’s disease/ ileal resection/ radiotherapy diabetic vagal neuropathy/ primary hypercholesterolaemia/lipidaemia after trying other methods= 4g daily, increased in 4g intervals every week; up to 12–24g daily.
-Pruritus due to biliary obstruction/ cirrhosis= 4–8g once daily.

Question 5

Cautions of cholestyramine?

Answer 5

Under 12’s, breastfeeding & preg, caution with anything else that can reduce fat-soluble vitamin absorption.

Question 6

Side efects of cholestyramine?

Answer 6

N&V, vitamin deficiencies, osteoporosis.

Question 7

Counselling points for cholestyramine?

Answer 7

-Take other drugs 1 hour before or 4-6 hours after.
-Mix with 150ml of any thin liquid.

Question 8

What’s teduglutide’s MOA, what’s it used for & its doses?

Answer 8

-Binds to the glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) receptors on enteroendocrine cells as an analogue= promotes mucosal growth & reduces GI acid.