Gastroenterology Flashcards
A 69 year old woman asks for your advice about her dentures; they do not seem to fit properly. You perform a visual inspection and observe a white patch near the base of her tongue. She has no pain. Based on this information, what is the most likely diagnosis?
a. Leukoplakia
b. Lichen planus
c. Major aphthous ulcers
d. Minor aphthous ulcers
e. Trauma-related ulcers
a. Leukoplakia
Miss Kandola presents with diarrhoea that she has had for 3 days. She complains of epigastric pain and bloating. You suspect giardiasis. Which question would be most appropriate to help determine whether giardiasis was the cause?
a. Recent foreign travel
b. Ingestion of different food
c. Contact with people suffering from diarrhoea
d. Recent history of blood in diarrhoea
e. Diarrhoea in the early morning
a. Recent foreign travel
In treatment of constipation, which one of the following statements is true?
a. Bulk-forming laxatives usually act within 12 to 24 hours
b. Senna tablets should be avoided in nursing mothers
c. Fybogel is not suitable for a patient with coeliac disease
d. Lactulose should not be taken by diabetics
e. Liquid paraffin has been linked as a cause of lipid pneumonia
e. Liquid paraffin has been linked as a cause of lipid pneumonia
An adult patient presents with symptoms of abdominal pain and discomfort in the epigastric area. Which one of the following conditions is the least likely cause?
a. oesophagitis
b. duodenal ulcer
c. gastric ulcer
d. angina
e. gastritis
d. angina
A 41 year old woman who has been diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome has seen an advertisement for Buscopan IBS Relief. She asks for more information about the side effects of this product. Which of the following is the least common side effect experienced with Buscopan IBS Relief?
a. Dry mouth
b. Tachycardia
c. Allergic Skin Reaction
d. Urinary Retention
e. Anaphylactic reactions
d. Urinary Retention
Which of the following symptoms is most indicative of renal colic?
a. Loin pain radiating to the groin
b. Left lower quadrant pain radiating to the loin area
c. Right lower quadrant pain radiating to the loin area
d. Back pain radiating to the loin area
e. Localized loin pain only
a. Loin pain radiating to the groin
Which of the following patient groups is most likely to suffer from oral thrush?
a. Denture wearers
b. Well-controlled diabetes
c. Middle-aged adults
d. Young children
e. Asthmatics using low-dose corticosteroids
a. Denture wearers
Mrs Singh asks for an indigestion remedy. She says she has been getting discomfort (points towards the area in the epigastric area) over the last few days. She has not noticed any other symptoms apart from a bit of wind. What would be the most likely diagnosis?
a. Reflux
b. Gastric ulcer
c. Duodenal ulcer
d. Nonulcer dyspepsia
e. Irritable bowl syndrome
a. Reflux
Based solely on location (right lower quadrant) what is the likely diagnosis for this 25 year old patient?
a. IBS
b. Peptic ulcer
c. Renal colic
d. Appendicitis
e. Gallstones
d. Appendicitis
Based solely on location (right upper quadrant) what is the likely diagnosis for this patient?
a. IBS
b. Peptic ulcer
c. Renal colic
d. Appendicitis
e. Gallstones
b. Peptic ulcer
Based solely on location (between right upper quadrant and left upper quadrant) what is the likely diagnosis for this patient?
a. IBS
b. Peptic ulcer
c. Renal colic
d. Appendicitis
e. Gallstones
e. Gallstones
Based solely on location (left lower quadrant) what is the likely diagnosis for this patient?
a. IBS
b. Peptic ulcer
c. Renal colic
d. Appendicitis
e. Gallstones
a. IBS
A 14 year old boy and his mother ask for your advice about his sore mouth. You perform a visual inspection and observe two small circular lesions on the inside of the gums. They are painful. Based on this information, what is the most likely diagnosis?
a. Leukoplakia
b. Lichen planus
c. Major aphthous ulcers
d. Minor aphthous ulcers
e. Trauma-related ulcers
d. Minor aphthous ulcers
Mr FT has come into your pharmacy with previously diagnosed haemorrhoids. Which one of the following symptoms would indicate referral to the doctor?
a. Bright red blood on the surface of the stool
b. Stools that are tarry
c. Perianal itching
d. Mucous discharge
e. Dull ache on defecation
b. Stools that are tarry
Epigastric discomfort would be most closely associated with which of the following conditions?
a. Appendicitis
b. Gastric ulcer
c. Diverticulitis
d. Irritable bowel syndrome
e. Renal colic
b. Gastric ulcer
Which condition is associated with the statement ‘Nocturnal diarrhoea is sometimes seen’
a. Irritable bowel syndrome
b. Giardiasis
c. Pyelonephritis
d. Haemorrhoids
e. Reflux
f. Ulcerative colitis
g. Salpingitis
h. Appendicitis
I. Dyspepsia
f. Ulcerative colitis
Which condition is associated with the statement ‘Tenderness is felt in the loin area’
a. Irritable bowel syndrome
b. Giardiasis
c. Pyelonephritis
d. Haemorrhoids
e. Reflux
f. Ulcerative colitis
g. Salpingitis
h. Appendicitis
I. Dyspepsia
c. Pyelonephritis
Which condition is associated with the statement ‘Is associated with retrosternal pain’
a. Irritable bowel syndrome
b. Giardiasis
c. Pyelonephritis
d. Haemorrhoids
e. Reflux
f. Ulcerative colitis
g. Salpingitis
h. Appendicitis
I. Dyspepsia
e. Reflux
Which condition is associated with the statement ‘Is associated with right lower quadrant pain’
a. Irritable bowel syndrome
b. Giardiasis
c. Pyelonephritis
d. Haemorrhoids
e. Reflux
f. Ulcerative colitis
g. Salpingitis
h. Appendicitis
I. Dyspepsia
h. Appendicitis
Which condition is associated with the statement ‘Is associated with left lower quadrant pain’
a. Irritable bowel syndrome
b. Giardiasis
c. Pyelonephritis
d. Haemorrhoids
e. Reflux
f. Ulcerative colitis
g. Salpingitis
h. Appendicitis
I. Dyspepsia
a. Irritable bowel syndrome
Which condition is associated with the statement ‘Pain usually starts centrally and then moves to the right lower quadrant’
a. Irritable bowel syndrome
b. Giardiasis
c. Pyelonephritis
d. Haemorrhoids
e. Reflux
f. Ulcerative colitis
g. Salpingitis
h. Appendicitis
I. Dyspepsia
h. Appendicitis
Which laxative has the quickest onset of action?
a. Lactulose
b. Docusate sodium
c. Senna tablets
d. Macrogol oral powder
e. Ispaghula husk
f. sterculia
c. Senna tablets
Which laxative can be given to children younger than 4 months?
a. Lactulose
b. Docusate sodium
c. Senna tablets
d. Macrogol oral powder
e. Ispaghula husk
f. sterculia
b. Docusate sodium
Which laxative is most associated with abdominal pain?
a. Lactulose
b. Docusate sodium
c. Senna tablets
d. Macrogol oral powder
e. Ispaghula husk
f. sterculia
c. Senna tablets
