Gastroenteritis

Question 2

Define gastroenteritis and classify in terms of length of symptoms.

Answer 2

Question 3

How would you define gastroenteritis in terms of bowel movements?

Answer 3

diarrhoea >= 3/day

Question 4

RFs for developing Acute gastroenteritis.

Answer 4

Question 5

What organisms commonly cause gastroenteritis?
Which organism is specific to the immunocompromised?

Answer 5

Question 6

Describe the pathogenesis of gastroenteritis of the following organisms:
1. E-coli

Answer 6

Question 7

Describe the pathogenesis of gastroenteritis of the following organisms:
2. Cholera

Answer 7

Question 8

Describe the pathogenesis of gastroenteritis of the following organisms:
3. Shigella

Answer 8

Question 9

What are the S+S of gastroenteritis?

Answer 9

Question 10

Ddx of gastroenteritis.

Answer 10

Question 11

Diagnostic investigations for gastroenteritis.

Answer 11

Question 12

What are the possible EEG findings in acute gastroenteritis?

Answer 12

Question 13

You are investigating a patient with acute gastroenteritis. The blood results came back with low platelets. What may be the cause of this?

Answer 13

HUS, DIC, TTP

Question 14

How would microangiopathic anaemia look on blood flim?

Answer 14

schistocytes

Question 15

What is the indication for a sigmoidoscopy in an acute gastroenteritis?

Answer 15

Question 16

What organisms are commonly screened for in a stool culture?

Answer 16

Question 17

List and justify the supportive investigations for gastroenteritis.

Answer 17

Question 18

Outline ALL the investigations for gastroenteritis.

Answer 18

Question 19

What is fulminant colitis? (include S+S)

Answer 19

Question 20

Outline the preventative measures to decrease risk of gastroenteritis.

Answer 20

Question 21

Outline the acute management of gastroenteritis (c diff).

Answer 21

Question 22

Outline the acute management of gastroenteritis. - non c diff

Answer 22

Question 23

Outline the FULL management of gastroenteritis.

Answer 23

Question 24

Describe the complications of gastroenteritis.

Answer 24

Question 25

What electrolyte disturbances are expected in AKI?

Answer 25

In Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), the following electrolyte disturbances are common:

Hyperkalemia: Due to reduced potassium excretion; risk of arrhythmias.

Hyponatremia: Often dilutional from fluid retention; can cause neurological symptoms.

Hyperphosphatemia: Impaired phosphate excretion; can lead to calcium-phosphate imbalances.

Hypocalcemia: Reduced vitamin D activation and phosphate retention; may cause cramps or tetany.

Hypermagnesemia: Decreased magnesium excretion; can lead to bradycardia and hypotension.

Metabolic Acidosis: Accumulation of hydrogen ions; may cause compensatory hyperventilation.

Hypervolemia: Fluid retention; can cause edema and hypertension.

Question 26

What is the triad of HUS?

Answer 26