Gastro Intestinal System Flashcards
Gastric ulcer
Antacid
Antacids are basic compounds that neutralize hydrochloric acid in the gastric secretions.
We used the antacid for
They are used in the symptomatic management of gastrointestinal disorders associated with gastric hyperacidity such as
1dyspepsia
,2 gastroesophageal reflux disease,
and 3_ peptic ulcer disease
Antacids are best given
يعني فترة اعطاء الدواء
Between meals and at bedtime
يعني بعد الوجبة مباشرة بعد ما تاكل اذا ظهر لدينا احد هذه الاعراض
1️⃣عسر الهضم (Dyspepsia)
2️⃣️الاسترجاع المريئ (GERD)
3️⃣ وقرحة المعدة (Peptic Ulcer)
ناخذه قبل النوم لان ال gerd مزعج ما يخلي الشخص ينام
ما هو شكل الدوائي للانت اسد الاكثر فاعلية
Antacid suspensions are more effective and work more quickly than tablets (of the same type and quantity).
لان امتصاصيته اسرع يشغل مساحة اكثر بالمعدة
اما ليش يستخدمون تابلت لان الشغلة تجارية يعني اذا شخص عنده عزيمة خما يضل شايل الشوشه بايده ياخذله شريط ويحطه بجيبه
ضروري تشرب ماي ويه الحباية الكرط وضروري تنطحن جيدا في الفم
تداخلات الانتاسد🥺🥺
بيها تداخلات هوايه
A-Antacids can affect the absorption of a number of drugs (via chelation and adsorption) and the majority of these interactions are casily overcome by leaving a minimum gap of (1-2) hours between the doses of each drug
يقلل امتصاصية الادوية (اي نوع من الادوية )
للتخلص من هاي المشكلة اذا اجانه شخص نسألة سؤال واحد نكله عمو انت تاخذ ادوية!
اذا كال اي ف اكو نوعين قبل الاكل وبعد الاكل
اذا قبل الاكل تكلة اخذه قبل الاكل بساعة
واذا بعد الاكل كله اخذ بعد الاكل بساعتين (الدواء)لكي لا يتداخل مع الانتاسد
يعني اذا ياخذ علاجات.
🔸 يفضل (1-2) ساعات gap❗
B-Antacids ——-increase the PH of the stomach———cause a premature release of enteric coated tablets or granules in the stomach rather than the intestine.
هنا الانتاسد تزيد ph المعدة 😋😋
فايضا راح تأثر على بعض الادوية منها الاسبرين وتسبب تحلل وعدم الاستفادة من المادة الدوائية لانه احنه ما نريده يذوب بهاي المنطقه نريده يذوب بفد منطقه معينه
ولهذا ايضا يوخذ على فترات منفصله عن الانتاسد من ساعة الى ساعتين 🐸
Side effects of antacids التأثيرات الجانبية لل انتاسيد
A- AL-containing antacids tend to be constipating, Mg-containing antacids tend to cause osmotic diarrhea and are useful in patients who are slightly constipated. Thus combination products of AL and Mg salts cause minimum bowel disturbances.
الانتاسيد الي تحوي المنيوم تسبب امساك (constipating) مفيد للمرضى الي يعانون اسهال والي تحوي مغنيسيوم تسبب اسهال (diarrhea) مفيد للمرضى ال يعانون امساك
لهذا الشركات لجأت الى دمج هذا المكونان سوو combination للمغنيسيوم والامنيوم
للتخلص من هاي الاعراض الجانبية او بالاحرى تقليل اضطرابات المعدة
B- Antacids containing sod. Bicarbonate should be avoided in patients if sodium intake should be restricted (e.g. in patient with CHF, hypertension,..).
الانتاسيد الي تحوي صوديوم بيكاربونات لازم نجنبها لعض المرضى الي يعانون من امراض القلب يعني زيادة الصوديوم راح يصير عدنا صوديوم ووتر water رتينشن وهذا ال sodium water retintion راح يسويلنا انكريز بال fluid retention
فراح يسببلنا هواي مشاكل للمصابين بالهيرت فايلير heart failur
بال CHF فلازم نتجنب هذا الشي وكذلك للحوامل لان بعض الاشهر يصير عدها ارتفاع بالضغط
فالانتاسد الي تحوي صوديوم بيكاربونات لازم نجنبها
Drug combination with antacid
Other drugs that may be combined with antacid formulations include simeticone, which acts as a defoaming agent to reduce excess gas in the stomach, and alginates, which form a gel or foam on the surface of the stomach contents thereby impeding reflux and protecting the oesophageal mucosa from acid attack )
هاي المادتين ينضافن للانتاسيد ومرات تجي وحدها
اول مادة هي سميتيكون يشتغل كطارد غازات بالمعدة ومرات يجي وحده بجرع مختلفة
المادة الثانية هي الجينات تشتغل كرغوة تحمي الميوكوزا
Antacid
1-Antacids are basic compounds that neutralize hydrochloric acid in the gastric
secretions. They are used in the symptomatic management of gastrointestinal
disorders associated with gastric hyperacidity such as dyspepsia,
gastrooesophageal reflux disease, and peptic ulcer disease
Antacid
2-Antacids are best given when symptoms occur (i.e. when required) or are
expected, usually between meals and at bedtime
Antacid
3-Antacid suspensions are more effective and work more quickly than tablets
(of the same type and quantity).
ANTACID
4-Patient should be instructed to chew the tablets thoroughly followed by a full
glass of water to ensure maximum therapeutic effect.
Antacid
6-Interactions:
A-Antacids can affect the absorption of a number of drugs (via chelation and
adsorption) and the majority of these interactions are easily overcome by
leaving a minimum gap of (1-2) hours between the doses of each drug.
Antacid
B-Antacids ——-increase the PH of the stomach ——– cause a premature
release of enteric coated tablets or granules in the stomach rather than the
intestine
Antacid
7-Side effects of antacids
A- AL-containing antacids tend to be constipating, Mg-containing
antacids tend to cause osmotic diarrhea and are useful in patients who are
slightly constipated. Thus combination products of AL and Mg salts cause
minimum bowel disturbances.
Antacid
7-Side effects of antacids
A- AL-containing antacids tend to be constipating, Mg-containing
antacids tend to cause osmotic diarrhea and are useful in patients who are
slightly constipated. Thus combination products of AL and Mg salts cause
minimum bowel disturbances.
Antacid
B- Antacids containing sod. Bicarbonate should be avoided in patients if
sodium intake should be restricted (e.g. in patient with CHF,
hypertension,… )
Antacid
8-Other drugs that may be combined with antacid formulations include
simeticone, which acts as a defoaming agent to reduce excess gas in the
stomach, and alginates, which form a gel or foam on the surface of the stomach
contents thereby impeding reflux and protecting the oesophageal mucosa
from acid attack (1)
.
Antacid drugs
1 Sod. Alginate, potassium bicarbonate Gaviscon Suspension
2- Mg-Hydroxide 400mg Al-Hydroxide 400mg Maalox
Chewable tablet ,
Suspension
3- Ca-carbonate 680mg Mg-carbonate 80mg
Rennie Chewable tablet
4- Mg-Hydroxide, simethicone Al-Hydroxide
Maalox Plus Chewable tablet , Suspension
5- Mg-trisilicate , Al-Hydroxide Na-bicarbonate ,Alginic acid Gaviscon Chewable tablet
6 -Mg-Hydroxide 195mg /5mL Al-Hydroxide 220mg/5mL
Maalox suspension
Ppis
1- PPIs are the most potent inhibitors of gastric acid secretion and include
omeprazole, lansoprazole, rabeprazole, pantoprazole, and esomeprazole (3)
Ppi
2-PPIs are used for the treatments of gastric and duodenal ulcers; they are also
used in combination with antibacterials for the eradication of Helicobacter
pylori (a bacteria that is common cause of ulcer ) . PPIs can be used for the
treatment of dyspepsia and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. They are also
used for the prevention and treatment of NSAID-associated ulcers
Ppi
3- Regimen for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori usually composed of
proton pump inhibitor (PPI), clarithromycin, and either amoxicillin or
metronidazole for 10–14 days. This regimen is called (triple therapy)
Ppi group
4-They are most effective when taken 30 to 60 minutes before meals (4).The
once daily dose usually given in the morning before meals (2). While twice daily
dose given morning and night before meals
Ppi
5-Various PPI dosage forms and formulations exist and include the enteric-
coated granules contained in gelatin capsules (omeprazole, esomeprazole,
and lansoprazole), and delayed release enteric-coated tablets (rabeprazole,
pantoprazole) . The enteric coating prevents degradation of the drug in
stomach acid
Ppi drugs
Omeprazole Prilosec , Gasec Losec Cap. 10 , 20 , 40 . Lansoprazole Lancid , Holicol Zolon Cap. 15 , 30 . Rabeprazole Aciphex Pariet (Janssen , Eisal ) Tab. 10 , 20 . Pantoprazole Protonix Protium (Takeda) Tab . 20 , 40 . Vial 40mg Esomeprazole Nexium Tab. 20 , 40 .
