GASTRO-INTESTINAL SMOOTH MUSCLE SPASM

Question 1

What causes gastro-intestinal smooth muscle spasms ?

Answer 1

IBS
IBD
bowel colic in palliative care

Question 2

How are antimuscarinis drugs useful in gastro-intestinal smooth muscle spasm?

Answer 2

reduces intestinal motility.
S/E of antimuscarinics: dilate pupil, inhibit salivation, accelerates heart beat, dilate bronchi, inhibits digestions, constipation, stimulates glucose release, inhibits peristalsis and secretion, relaxes bladder, angle-closure glaucoma, drowsiness

Question 3

What are the cautions of antimuscarinic drugs ?

Answer 3

susceptibility to angle-closure glaucoma
conditions causing tachycardia: hyperthyroidism
cardiovascular disease: arythmias, CHF

Question 4

What are the contraindications of antimuscarinic drugs ?

Answer 4

prostatic enlargment, urinary retention
paralytic ileus, GI obstruction, megacolon
Myasthenia graves
narrow angle glaucoma

Question 5

Antimuscarinic side effects?

Answer 5

blurred vision, urinary retention, constipation, dry mouth

Question 6

Name antispasmodics available ?

Answer 6

-mebeverine
-alverine ( dizziness, driving warning)
both are contraindicated in paralytic ileus
-pepermint oil ( heartburn, local irritation of mouth, oesophagus )