Gastro-Intestinal

Question 1

Food poison associated pathogens

Answer 1

• Salmonella typimurium
• Clostridium perfringens
• Bacillus cereus
• Staph aureus

Question 2

Travel-associated GI pathogens

Answer 2

E. coli

Samonella typhi

Shigella

cholerae

Question 3

Antibiotic-associated diarrhoea/hospital acquired

Answer 3

Clostridium difficile

Question 4

Lab examination fro Salmonella and Shigella

Answer 4

• Faeces on selective DCA media
  
  • Selenite broth used as enrichment for salmonella
  • Typhoid and paratyphoid(not typhi/paratyphi) are systemic. take blood culture

Question 5

lab examination for C. jejuni

Answer 5

• ONLY under micro-aerophilic conditions
  
  • Isolated under low oxygen tension and increased CO2 at 42 degrees

Question 6

Lab examination for Clostridium difiicile

Answer 6

GDH immunoassay used for screening test

Followed by PCR to confirm toxins specific for difficile

Question 7

Important GI protozoa

Answer 7

• Crypotsopridium
• Giardia
• Enatmoeba histolytica

Question 8

GI Helminths

Answer 8

Hookworms, tapeworks

+++

Question 9

Detecing GI parasites

Answer 9

• Microscopy of faecal suspension

Question 10

Characteristics of viral GI infection

Answer 10

• Cause diarrhoea outbreaks
• Rotavirus most common in young
• Norovirues in adults

Electron microscopy of faeces. Nucelic acid amplification

Question 11

ORT formula

Answer 11

• 3.5g Sodium Chloride
• 1.5g Potassium chloride
• 2.9g Sodium citrate
• 20g glucose

in 1L water