Gastro

Question 1

MC congenital anomaly of the esophagus?

Answer 1

Esophageal atresia

Question 2

MC form of EA wherein the upper esophagus ends in a blind pouch and the TEF is connected to the distal esophagus?

Answer 2

TYPE C

Question 3

What type of intestinal atresia will produce an apple peel appearance?

Answer 3

IIIB

Question 4

MC symptom of malrotation in the 1st mo of life

Answer 4

VOMITING

Question 5

Infants often presents in the 1st WOL with bilious emesis and acute bowel obstruction.

Older infants presents with episodes of recurrent abdominal pain that can mimic colic and suggest intermittent volvulus.

In older children, can manifest with recurrent episodes of vomiting and/or abdominal pain.

Patients usually present with malabsorption or protein-losing eneteropathy assoc with bacterial overgrowth

Answer 5

Malrotation

Question 6

Long standing condition of this disease predisposes to metaplastic transformation of the normal esophageal squamous epithelium into intestinal columnar epithelium , termed Barrett esophagus, a precursor of esophageal adenoCA

Answer 6

Esophagitis

Question 7

Upper airway presentations have been linked with GERD in case reports and epidemiologic studies

Answer 7

Apnea and Stridor

Question 8

Laxative abuse is an example of what type of diarrhea?

Answer 8

OSMOTIC

Question 9

Constipation in the neonatal period is most likely sec to?

Answer 9

Hirschsprung disease

Intestinal pseudo-obstruction, hypothyroidism

Question 10

Method of choice to establish the diagnosis of peptic ulcer deisease

Answer 10

Esophagogastroduodenoscopy/ EGD

Question 11

Ulcers in children can be classified as?

Answer 11

Primary peptic ulcers, which are chronic and more often duodenal

Question 12

MC ingested foreign body in children

Answer 12

Coins

Question 13

Hallmark of duodenal obstruction

Answer 13

bilious vomiting without abdominal distention

Question 14

A day old male who had abdominal distention and bilious vomiting should be initially treated with?

Answer 14

NGT or OGT

Question 15

Defined as voluntary or involuntary passage of feces into inappropriate places at least once a month for 3 consecutive months once a chronologic or developmental age of 4 yr has been reached

Answer 15

Encopresis

Question 16

Drug that can be used to do rapid rectal disimpaction

Answer 16

Glycerin suppository

Question 17

During gestation, hallmark of lack of normal swallowing or of esophageal or upper GI tract obstruction

Answer 17

POLYHYDRAMNIOS

Question 18

MC esophageal disorder in children and of all ages

Answer 18

GERD

Question 19

Most serious complication of oropharyngeal dysphagia

Answer 19

life-threatening aspiration

Question 20

Foundation of GERD therapy which can be effectively implemented through education and reassurance for parents

Answer 20

Conservative therapy and lifestyle modification

Question 21

Provide the most potent anti-reflux by blocking the hydrogen-potassium adenosine triphosphate channels of the final common pathway in gastric acid secretion

Answer 21

PPI

Question 22

MC congenital anomaly of the GI tract

Answer 22

Meckel diverticulum

Question 23

MC cause of acute pseudo-obstruction

Answer 23

Ogilvie syndrome

Question 24

Plain radiography in the evaluation of the respiratory distress might reveal a coiled feeding tube in the esophageal pouch and/or an air-distended stomach, indication presence of?

Answer 24

Tracheoesophageal Fistula

Question 25

Congenital anomaly of the esophagus might come to medical attention later in life with chronic respiratory problems, including refractory bronchospasm and recurrent pneumonias

Answer 25

TEF in the absence of EA

Question 26

Gold standard for diagnosing Hirschprung disease

Answer 26

Rectal suction biopsy

Question 27

Signifies a failure of complete relaxation of the upper esophageal sphincter (UES)

Answer 27

Cricophrayngeal achalasia

Question 28

This manifest with regurgitation and dysphagia for solids and liquids and may be accompanied by undernutrition and chronic cough

Answer 28

Achalasia

Question 29

Currarino triad includes

Answer 29

Anorectal malformations sacral bone anomalies presacral anomaly

Question 30

Usually diagnosed in the neonatal period sec to a distended abdomen, failure to pass meconium and/or bilious emesis or aspirates with feeding intolerance

Answer 30

Hirschsprung disease

Question 31

Is required for the absorption of vitamin B12

Answer 31

Intrinsic Factor

Question 32

Bile acids and vitamin B12 are selectively absorbed in the?

Answer 32

Ileum

Question 33

Surgical closure of a cleft lip is usually performed by?

Answer 33

3 mos of age

Question 34

Closure of the palate in healthy child is performed by?

Answer 34

12 mos of age

Question 35

Most effective preventive measures against dental caries is?

Answer 35

Water fluoridation

Question 36

The 1st permanent molar erupt at about what age?

Answer 36

6 yrs old

Question 37

Antibiotic that is associated with Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis when used in neonates?

Answer 37

Erythromycin

Question 38

Initial symptom of pyloric stenosis?

Answer 38

Nonbilious vomiting

Question 39

MC cause of GI bleeding

Answer 39

Erosive damage to the mucosa of the GI tract

Question 40

Most valuable procedure in the evaluation of neonatal hepatobiliary disease and provides the most relieable discriminatory evidence

Answer 40

Percutaneous liver biopsy

Question 41

Clinically apparent jaundice in children and adults occurs when the serum concentration of bilirubin reaches

Answer 41

2-3mg/dL

Question 42

Portal hypertension is defined as portal pressure greater than

Answer 42

10mmHg

Question 43

In infants (younger than 1 yr old) with inguinal hernia, repair should proceed within

Answer 43

2-3 wks

Question 44

Smallest known animal virus, is considered defective because it cannot produce infection without concurrent HBV infection

Answer 44

HDV

Question 45

Compatible to a hepatitis which is transmitted through fecal-oral route

Answer 45

HEV RNA

Question 46

Most prevalent hepatotropic virus

Answer 46

HAV infection

Question 47

Period of communicability of HAV infection?

Answer 47

2 wk before and approximately 7 days after the onset of jaundice

Question 48

Most important risk factor for acquisition of HBV

Answer 48

Perinatal transmission

Question 49

Preterm infants weighing <2kg at birth should have their initial dose of Hepa B vaccine at what age?

Answer 49

1 month

Question 50

Is an alternative or concomitant response to injury caused by extrahepatic or intrahepatic obstruction to the bile flow

Answer 50

Cholestatis

Question 51

In normal liver edge can be felt up to how many cm below thr right costal margin

Answer 51

2 cms

Question 52

MC acute surgical condition in children and a major cause of childhood morbidity

Answer 52

AP

Question 53

Single most reliable finding in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis

Answer 53

Localized abdominal tenderness

Question 54

AR disorder that can be assoc with degenerative changes in the brain, liver disease and Kayser-Fleisher rings in the cornea

Answer 54

Wilson Disease