Gastric Ulcer Flashcards

1
Q

Epidemiology

A

most common among middle-aged adults.
10% lifetime incidence
M>W slightly

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2
Q

Aetiology

A

Nearly all ulcers are caused by Helicobacter pylori infection or NSAID use
Cigarette smoking
stress

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3
Q

Pathogensis

A

A peptic ulcer is an erosion in a segment of the GI mucosa due to weakened mucosal defences

duodenal mucosa exists in the form of a gel layer, which is impermeable to acid and pepsin. Other gastric and duodenal cells secrete bicarbonate, which aids in buffering acid that lies near the mucosa. Prostaglandins of the E type (PGE) have an important protective role, because PGE increases the production of both bicarbonate and the mucous layer

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4
Q

Natural History

A

gastric cancer if untreated

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5
Q

Clinical Manifestations

A

Hpylori test.

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6
Q

Symptoms

A

burning epigastric pain that is often relieved by food - antiacids

often asymptomatic

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7
Q

Signs

A

use of NSAIDS/Aspirin

stool colour - bleeding

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8
Q

Complications

A

occult bleeding, perforation, haemorrhage, obstruction due to scarring,
3-6x increased risk of gastric cancer

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9
Q

Prognosis

A

The 3-yr recurrence rate for gastric and duodenal ulcers is 50% when it is not.
Life style changes/Stress management
cessation of NSAID treatments

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