Gastric physiology

Question 1

What factors slow gastric emptying?

Answer 1

high fat, high calorie meals

Question 2

Where are parietal cells located?
What are their function?
What signals increase this function?

Answer 2

Body of stomach
Produce acid
ACh, Histamine, Gastrin

Question 3

Where are G cells located?
What are their function?

Answer 3

Antrum of stomach
Produce gastrin which regulates acid production

Question 4

What is secretin?
Which cells produce it and where are they located?

Answer 4

regulates pancreatic bicarbonate production
S cells, small intestine

Question 5

What is GLP-1?
Which cells produce it?
What actions does it have?

Answer 5

glucagon-like peptide 1
produced by L cells in duodenum
slows gastric emptying and increases insulin production

Question 6

What are the pacemaker cells of the GI tract?
What disorders are associated with their loss?

Answer 6

Interstitial cells of Cajal
Hirschprungs and achalasia