Gastric Cancer Flashcards
What is the incidence of gastric cancer?
23/100,000
When is gastric cancer most common?
50’s
What is the male to female ratio of gastric cancer?
M:F = 2:1
Where is gastric cancer more common?
Japan
Eastern Europe
China
S. America
What are the risk factors for gastric cancer?
Atrophic gastritis Diet Smoking Blood group A Low socio-economic background Familial Partial gastrectomy
How can atrophic gastritis increase the risk of gastric cancer?
It can cause intestinal metaplasia
What can cause atrophic gastritis?
Pernicious anaemia
H. Pylori
What dietary factors increase the risk of gastric cancer?
Increases nitrates
What foods have high nitrates?
Foods that are smoked, pickled, or salted
How do nitrates increase the risk of gastric cancer?
Nitrates form carcinogenic nitrosamines in the GIT
How can gastric cancer risk be familial?
If there is a familial E. cadherin abnormality
What kind of cancers are gastric cancers?
Mainly adenocarcinomas
Where are gastric cancers usually located?
On gastric antrum
What gastric cancer might H. Pylori lead to?
MALToma
On what basis can gastric cancers be classified?
Depth of invasion
Microscopic appearance
Bormann Classification
Where do early gastric cancers invade?
The mucosa or submucosa
Where do late gastric cancers invade?
Muscularis propria
What are the classifications of gastric cancers based on their microscopic appearance?
Intestinal
Diffuse
How do intestinal gastric cancers appear?
Bulky, glandular tumours with heaped ulceration