Gases

Question 1

On Earth, in what states does matter exist?

Answer 1

Exists in three solid physical states: solid, liquid,gases

Question 2

Gas Laws:

This law states that pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional.

Answer 2

Boyle`s Law

Question 3

Gas Laws: states that the volume of a given mass of an ideal gas increases or decreases by the same factor as its temperature at constant pressure,

Answer 3

Charles’ Law

Question 4

Charles did V-T experiments on various gases and found that regardless of the gas used the x-intercept of the V-T graph was always -273°C.What is…

• the significance of this number?
• The name?
• who gave this number meaning?

Answer 4

-273.15°C is called absolute zero

Lord Kelvin interpretated that to mean that at that temperature all molecular motion would cease–the kinetic energy and the volume of the gas would be 0 .

Question 5

what is the equation to convert celsius to kelvins?

Answer 5

Question 6

Gas Laws: The pressure of a gas of fixed mass and fixed volume is directly proportional to the gas’ absolute temperature.

Answer 6

Gay-Lussac’s Law

Question 7

What is STP and its values?

Answer 7

STP= Standard temperature and pressure

• 0°C / 273.15K
• 101.3 kPa

Question 8

What is SATP and its values?

Answer 8

Standard Ambien temp and pressure

• 25°C / 298.15 K
• 100.0 kPa

Question 9

What is the Combined Gas Law?

Answer 9

Question 10

This law states that the total pressure of a mixture of non-reacting gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases.

Answer 10

Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures

Question 11

“The force that is exerted on an object per unit of surface area.”

Answer 11

Pressure

Question 12

The equation to calculate pressure is:

Answer 12

where:

• p= pressure
• F=force
• A=area

Question 13

What are the two main factors in determining the state of the substance?

Answer 13

1. the attractive forces holding the particles together
2. the kinetic energy of the particles that tends to pull them apart

Question 14

What makes a gas ideal?

Answer 14

• have mass
• no volume
• no attractive force
• have high translational kinetic energy

Question 15

What is standard atmospheric pressure?

Answer 15

atmospheric pressure in dry air at a temperature of 0ºC at sea level

Question 16

What are the five properties that distinguish gas from liquids and solids?

Answer 16

1. Compressible
2. expand as the temperature increases
3. low viscosity
4. much lower densities
5. miscible (substances that mix completely with each other)