Gaseous State Flashcards
What are the assumptions for kinetic theory?
- gas particles are in constant random motion
*** gas particles have negligible volume compared to the volume of the container - gas particles exert negligible intermolecular forces on one another**
- collisions between gas particles are perfectly elastic
- average kinetic energy of particles is directly proportional to absolute temperature
What does the pressure of gas depend on?
- frequency of collisions
- speed at which particles are colliding against the wall
What is the pressure on earth at sea level?
- 1atm = 101325Pa or Nm⁻²
- 760mm Hg
How to convert dm³ to m³?
1dm³ = 10⁻³ m³
How to convert cm³ to m³?
1cm³ = 10⁻⁶ m³
How to convert 1 bar to 1Pa?
1 bar = 100 000Pa
What is Boyle’s law?
- At constant temperature, the volume of a fixed volume of gas is inversely proportional to its pressure
- V ∝ 1/p
- pV = constant, p1V1 = p2V2
What does the V against p graph of a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature look like?
- curve downward sloping with decreasing gradient
- 1/x graph
What does v against 1/p graph look like for a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature?
straight line that passes through origin
What does pV against p graph look like for a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature?
horizontal straight line
What is Charles’ law?
- At constant pressure, the volume of a fixed mass of gas is directly proportional to the absolute temperature
- V ∝ T
- V/T = constant, V1/T1 = V2/T2
What does a V against T (in K) graph for a fixed mass of gas at constant pressure look like?
straight line that passes through origin
What does a V against T (in °C) graph for a fixed mass of gas at constant pressure look like?
Straight line with x-intercept at -273°C
What is Avogadro’s law?
- At constant temperature and pressure, the volume of gas is directly proportional to the number of moles of the gas
- V ∝ n
- V/n = constant, V1/n1 = V2/n2
What is partial pressure?
Pressure that the gas would exert as if it occupied the container alone under the same conditions