Gaseous Exchange Flashcards
What is haemoglobin?
A protein and red pigment found in red blood cells that transports and carries oxygen and carbon dioxide.
What is oxyhemoglobin?
When oxygen diffuses into the red blood cells it can bind to the haemoglobin to form oxyhemoglobin.
Inspiration
Breathing in
Expiration
Breathing out
Tidal volume
The amount of air taken in or out with each breathe this will increase with exercise.
Expiratory reserve volume
Amount of extra air that can be expired during a forceful breathe out.
Inspiratory reserve volume
Amount of extra air that can be inspired during a deep breathe in.
Residual volume
Amount of air left in lungs following maximal expiration, there is always some air remaining in the lungs so they don’t deflate.
Vital capacity
The maximum amount of air you can breathe in and out.
Vasodilation
Increasing the diameter of an artery to increase blood flow.
Vasoconstriction
Decreasing the diameter of an artery to decrease blood flow.
Redistribution
Ensuring an efficient amount of oxygenated blood is reaching the working muscles.
Diastole
The heart filling with blood, the heart is relaxing.
What is systole?
The heart emptying of blood, the heart contracts. The valves close, ventricles contract, force the blood out.
What is cardiac output?
Cardiac output is the amount of blood pumped out of the left ventricle of the heart per beat.
