Gaseous Exchange Flashcards
Conducting Zone continues from Nose till
Terminal Bronchioles
Bones present in the Nose
Nasal Bone
Ethmoid Bone
The Nasal Air Channel is called
Nasal Vestibule
Partition between the 2 Nasal Cavities
Nasal Septum
Three Cartilagenous Partitions in the Nasal Cavity
Superior, Median and Inferior Turbinate
Position of Laryngeo-Pharynx with respect to Vertebral Column
6th Cervical Vertebrae
Another name for Adam’s Apple
Thyroid Cartilage
Moistening and Warming of air in nose is performed by…
Ciliated Epithelium
False Vocal Cords are also called…
Vestibular Fold
Position of Trachea with respect to Sternum.
Ventral to Sternum
Last Cartilagenous Ridge of Trachea is named as?
Crina
Length and Diameter of Trachea
10-12 cm long
2-2.5 cm wide
Trachea extends from __ vertebra till __ vertebra.
C6 to T5
First Respiratory structure lacking Cartilage.
Bronchioles
Diameter of Bronchioles
Less than 1mm
Structural and Functional Unit of Lungs
Structural Unit—- Alveoli
Functional Unit—-Alveolar Sac
Total Number of Alveoli in both Lungs.
700 million
Which cells are responsible for the production of Surfactant in Lungs?
Pneumocyte II (10%)
Surfactant (Lipoprotein)
Movement of External and Internal Intercostal Muscles during Inspiration.
External— Contract
Internal— Relax
Movement and Shape of Diaphragm during expiration.
Relaxed
More Dome like
Rate of breathing at Rest and during Exercise.
Rest— 15 to 20 X per min
Exercise— 25 to 30 X per min
Voluntary Breathing, Involuntary Breathing and Pattern of Breathing are controlled by which parts of Brain respectively.
Voluntary
Cerebral Cortex
Involuntary
Medulla Oblongata
Pattern
Pons
Which part of Medulla Oblongata inhibits Inspiration
Dorsal / Lateral
Which part of Medulla Oblongata is responsible for regulating the Depth of Inspiration
Ventral
Movement of the Diaphragm is stimulated by which Nerve.
Phrenic Nerve
Volume occupied by Left and Right lungs respectively.
Left 44%
Right 56%
Space between the lungs is called.
Mediastinal Space
Inner and outer membranes of Pleura are respectively called.
Inner
Visceral Membrane
Outer
Parietal Membrane
Epiglottis is made of…
Elastic Cartilage
The Bronchial Tree divides ___ times.
23 Times
Part of brain that regulates Rhythmic Breathing Pattern
Medulla Oblongata (Involuntary)
Muscles Primarily Involved in Forced Expiration
Internal Intercostal Muscles
Bronchioles are made of which kind of Epithelium.
Cuboidal Epithelium
Heamoglobin has ___X more affinity for CO than O²
249X
What percentage of Heamoglobin consists of enzymes?
5%
Where do CO², CO, O² and H+ bind to Heamoglobin respectively?
CO² - Amino Group of Globin Chain
CO - Heam Group (Head)
O² - Heam Group (Head)
H+ - Globin Chain
Percentage of Oxygen transported via Heamoglobin and Blood Plasma respectively.
Oxy-Heamoglobin - 97-98 %
Dissolved Form - 2-3 %
1g Hb can carry how much Oxygen?
1.34 ml
Amount of Heamoglobin in 100ml blood.
15 g
Oxygen shows 98 % saturation in blood at what pressure?
115 mmHg
Amount of O² and CO² per 100ml Arterial and Venous Blood respectively.
Arterial Blood Venous Blood
19.6 ml O². 14.4 ml
50 ml. CO². 54 ml
Number of Amino Acids in Heamoglobin and Myoglobin respectively.
Heamoglobin - 574
Myoglobin. - 153
Three (extras) respiratory pigments, their colour and their occurrence.
Heamocyanin - Blue - Mollusca
Heamoerythrin - VioletPink - Marine
Chlorocroin - Green - Annelida
Percentage of CO² carried in the form of Carbamino Hb, Blood Plasma and Bicarbonate Ions respectively.
Blood Plasma - 7%
Hb - 23%
Bicarbonate Ions - 70%
Blood Plasma Protein is which kind of protein?
Albumin
Bicarbonate Ion after leaving Hb, combines with which salts?
Na+
K+
Percentage of O² and CO² in exhaled air.
O² - 16% (-5%)
CO² - 4% (+100%)
Vital Capacity is made up of…
IRV + ERV + TV
2000ml 1500ml 500ml
1200ml
Residual Volume of lungs is…
1000 to 1500ml
Total Lung Capacity is…
5 to 6 L
ERV + Residual Volume is called…
Function Residual Capacity
Which part of pharynx plays a role in respiratory as well as digestive system?
Oro-Pharynx
