Gaseous Exchange Flashcards
Exchange Surface
A specialised area that is adapted to make it easier for molecules to cross from one side of the surface to the other
Concentration
The amount of substance in a certain volume
Diffusion
The movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until equilibrium is reached
Two gases exchanged in the lungs
Carbon dioxide and oxygen
2 types of waste products
Urea- poison produced by breaking down amino acids, removed by the kidneys
Carbon dioxide- waste gas in aerobic respiration, removed by the lungs
2 types of useful products
Oxygen and Glucose-needed in aerobic respiration
Dissolved food molecules- produces new substances
What is Gaut and what is it caused by?
The formation of crystals on your joints creating discomfort and can cause your body to function incorrectly. It is caused by a build up of urea when not excreted
What does Carbon Dioxide do to your blood?
Acidifies it
3 blood vessels
Arteries, Capillaries and Veins
Where does the artery carry blood?
Away from the heart
Where do capillaries carry blood?
Arteries divide into narrow networks of capillaries
Where do veins carry blood?
Towards the heart
What is the structure of an Artery?
Narrow tube, Thick layer of elastic and muscle fibre
What is the structure of a capillary?
Narrow tube, thin walls (only 1 cell thick)
What is the structure of a vein?
Wide tube, Thin, Flexible walls, Valves
Adaptations of the artery
Pump blood at high pressure. Elasticated walls so arteries don’t burst. Thick and can stretch.
Adaptations of capillaries
Very thin so diffusion can occur quickly. Large Surface Area. Form a network running through the tissues.
Adaptations of veins
Thin walls due to low blood pressure. Valves shut behind blood squeezed up to prevent back-flow. Muscles help push blood along the veins.
