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PPoS > Gaseous Diffusion & Transport I #1 > Flashcards

Gaseous Diffusion & Transport I #1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is FO2 + PO2?

A
  • FO2: franctional conc/% of O2 = 0.21/21%

- PO2 = partial P of O2

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2
Q

What is PB?

A

Barometric (atmospheric) P

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3
Q

What is PIO2 + FIO2?

A
  • PIO2: PO2 in inspired gas (usually in trachea)

- FIO2: FO2 in inspired gas

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4
Q

What is PAO2 + FAO2?

A
  • PAO2: PO2 in alveoli

- FAO2: FO2 in alveoli

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5
Q

What is PaO2 + FaO2?

A
  • PaO2: PO2 in arteries

- FaO2: FO2 in arteries

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6
Q

List the common P + SI units

A
  • common P: mmHg

- SI: kPa

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7
Q

What is dead space?

A

airway vol with no gas exchange

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8
Q

What is anatomic dead space?

A

all resp tract except alveoli + resp bronchioles

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9
Q

What is physiologic dead space?

A

all anatomical areas + areas where gas exchange dysfunctional

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10
Q

What is Dalton’s law?

A

PP of gas in mix is P it would exert if occupied the vol alone

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11
Q

What is the total P of air?

A
  • is gas mix

- total P of all gases in it = PB

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12
Q

What is PB made up of?

A

PO2 + PCO2 + PN2 (includes all inert gases) + PH2O

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13
Q

How can calc PP of a gas?

A

fractional conc x PB

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14
Q

What is PB at sea level?

A

101 kPa (760mmHg)

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15
Q

What is FO2 (in dry air)?

A
  • all H2O vapour removed

- 0.209 / 21%

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16
Q

How do you calc dry PO2?

A

FO2 = 0.209 x PB = 101

= 21kPa (159mmHg)

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17
Q

How does PB change at altitude?

A

red e.g. to 33kPa on top of Everest

18
Q

How does FO2 change at altitude?

A

unchanged but P it exerts changes

19
Q

How does PIO2 change at altitude + consequence?

A
  • PIO2 (= FIO2 X PB) falls progressively with inc altitude when breathing air
  • need supplemental O2 to inc FIO2 to compensate for dec PB
20
Q

What happens as PP of gas e.g. CO2 above liquid is increased?

A
  • the more the gas will dissolve in the liquid

- so need to inc PP of gas to get it to dissolve

21
Q

What happens when P released from liquid?

A
  • less gas held in sol

- bubbles of gas will rise from liquid bc they’re no longer dissolved

22
Q

What does the amount if gas dissolved in liquid depend on when given PP applied?

A

sol of gas in liquid

23
Q

What happens to gas in a flask filled partially with liquid?

A
  • if gas dissolved in liquid - exerts PP + so leave surface of liquid until PP of gas in liquid = P of gas in gas phase
  • if gas was already in gas phase, move into liquid in same way until both P are equal + reach P equ
24
Q

What is the PP of X gas in gas equal to in the flask?

A

PP of X gas in liquid

25
Q

At equ, how much gas is in liquid in the flask?

A
  • depends on sol of gas in liquid
  • gas with low sol dissolve poorly in liquid even at high PP
  • content of gas in liquid low even though PP might be high
26
Q

How can you inc content of gas in liquid?

A
  • need to inc sol (can’t bc its constant) so need to inc PP
27
Q

What is gas transfer between diff phases e.g. gas + liquid, blood + fat, alv + cap etc determined by?

A

PP gradient not conc gradient

28
Q

What does the PP of gas in liquid depend on?

A
  • conc of gas mol in liquid (ml/ml or mmol/l)

- sol of gas in liquid

29
Q

What is Henry’s law?

A

content of gas (ml/l) in liquid = sol (ml/l/kPa) x PP (kPa)

30
Q

What is difference between high + low sol gas in liquid?

A
  • high sol: not going to exert much PP
  • low sol: need high PP as its fighting to escape
  • less sol gas has high PP, more sol gas has low PP
31
Q

What does H2O vapour P (PH2O) depend on?

A
  • temp

- sat

32
Q

How does sat H2O vapour P change?

A

rises with inc temp

33
Q

What does % sat H2O vapour depend on?

A

how much H2O air has been in contact with

34
Q

What happens to air as it enters the lungs?

A

passes over moist surfaces + becomes 100% sat

35
Q

Why is H2O vapour P in lungs constant?

A

Alveolar temp constant bc body temp constant (37 degrees) + H2O vapour P depends on temp

36
Q

What is PIO2 + how is it calc?

A

= PO2 of moistened inspired air at end of trachea

= (PB - 6.3) x 0.209 kPa or (PB - 47) x 0.209 mmHg

37
Q

Why can’t measure PAO2 directly?

A
  • CO2 diffuses into alveolus to replace O2 diffusing into pul cap
  • if 1 mol of CO2 prod for each mol of CO2 used then PAO2 = PIO2 - PACO2
38
Q

What is the alveolar gas equation?

A

PAO2 approx PIO2 - PACO2/R bc more O2 used than CO2 prod

39
Q

What is resp quotient?

A
  • CO2 prod/O2 consumption

- usually 0.8

40
Q

What inc diff between alveolar + inspired O2?

A

inc CO2

41
Q

Why does PO2 inc when overbreathe?

A

PACO2 dec

PPoS (11 decks)

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