Gas unique properties Flashcards by Adam James

advantages of this gas include 
analgesia 
rapid uptake and elimination 
little cardiac or respiratory depression 
nonpungent

nitrous oxide

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metabolized by kidney not P450

sevoflurane

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give to person with 3 risk factors for vomiting

Propofol

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on the chart which choice is tissue uptake in ?
A-B
b
b-c

b-c

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this scavenging compound result in the least compound A and CO production

Amsorb-calcium hydroxide

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best for brittle asthma

drug not VIA

ketamine
bronchodilation
catecholamines

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fastest acting but least potent VIA

desflurane

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use this gas to offset hypotensive activity of other gases

nitrous oxide

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decrease MAC needed/increase effectiveness of VIA

ketamine and dex

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advantages of this gas include
rapid uptake and elimination
stable molecule
minimal biotransformation

desflurane

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coronary steal

isoflurane

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choice for inhaled induction

sevoflurane

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special vaporizer

desflurane

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on the chart which choice is lung blood equilibrium or blood uptake in ?
A-B
b
b-c

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0.02% metabolized

desflurane

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least metabolized

nitrous oxide 0.004%

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decrease SVR most

desflurane

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how do we overcome the time constant

TAU

increase fresh flow
increase gas concentration
hyperventilation-put it on manual and bag

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NIOSH 1-2 ppm

halogenated agents

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NIOSH 25 PPM

nitrous oxide

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dissocative anesthesia

ketamine

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increase IOP

Nitrous oxide

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least lipid soluble

desflurane

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metabolized by gut

nitrous oxide

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requires 3L flow

sevoflurane

decrease HR the least

sevoflurane

only use for 23 MAC hours | why?

sevoflurane | F-ions

increase sympathetic tone

Nitrous oxide

best gas choice for asthmatic

sevoflurane

patient in shock goes to sleep faster why?

acidosis hyperventilation | decrease CO

``` disadvantages of this gas include sympathetic stimulation expansion of closed are space requires high concentration interferes with vit B12 metabolism ```

nitrous oxide

0.2% metabolized

isoflurane

best amnestic | not gas

midazolam

increase CO would result in the most effect on which VIA | slow induction

isoflurane

highest MAC

desflurane

``` disadvantages of this gas include susceptible to bio transformation reacts with soda lime and baralyme increases fluoride concentrations expensive ```

sevoflurane

Steps to overpressure/deepen quickly

switch to manual increase gas/VIA flow increase fresh gas flow-O2 hyperventilate-bag

2-5% metabolized

sevoflurane

don't use in pneumothorax, belly surgery, sinus surgery, sitting craniotomy, tympanoplasty with grafting

nitrous oxide

undergoes least biotransformation of the halogenated agents

Desflurane 0.02%

which gas doesn't cause MH

nitrous oxide

fire

sevoflurane

avoid in OB surgery not related to birth

nitrous oxide

LMA are great for what patient population? Why?

LMA | less airway trauma, noxious stimuli

on the chart which choice is lung wash in ? A-B b b-c

A-B

indirectly NE release

nitrous oxide

VIA cause cerebral vasodilation and increase CBF. | What are you going to do about it?

hyperventilate to decrease CO2, causing vasoconstriction (CO2 is a potent vasodilator), resulting in not increasing CBF

most pungent

desflurane

rapid high concentration administration of this gas increases the sympathetic action

desflurane

takes a big dump in the lungs when discontinued

nitrous oxide

renal toxicity

sevoflurane

works like nitrous oxide | -receptor

ketamine

methione, B 12, neural tube defect, pregnant ladies

Nitrous oxide

if you use an LMA use less ?

OPIODS

give to patient with low EF | not gas -

etomidate

``` advantages of this gas include good muscle relaxant decrease cerebral metabolic rate minimal biotransformation maintains cardiac output ```

isoflurane

DNA synthesis problems

nitrous oxide

chlorine molecule

isoflurane

most pungent?

Desflurane

least pungent

sevoflurane

fastest induction via

desflurane

textbook seizure

thiopental

compound A

sevoflurane

increase HR the most

desflurane

3 pillars that gases hit

anxiolysis amnesia anesthesia

advantages of this gas include rapid uptake and elimination non-pungent

sevoflurane

direct NE release

desflurane

disadvantages of this gas include pungent odor but not most pungent potent vasodilation

isoflurane

what are the four compartments we have to overcome

machine/circuit alveoli/lungs blood/venous/arterial-pulmonary venous circulation Brain

``` disadvantages of this gas include airway irritant-most pungent low boiling point sympathetic stimulation expensive ```

desflurane

has chlorine instead of fluorine

isoflurane

binds to trek 1

Propofol

most potent VIA

isoflurane

check cuff every 1.5 hours when using this gas

nitrous oxide

Fast FA/FI rise | why

nitrous oxide | concentration we give

use for kids

sevoflurane

most potent VIA

isoflurane

hypoxic at MAC

nitrous oxide

doesn't effect contractility

xenon