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Priniclpes Of Anesthesia > Gas machine PPT > Flashcards

Gas machine PPT Flashcards

1
Q

Gas machines have a system to provide and measure (3):

A
  1. Oxygen
  2. Anesthetic agents
  3. CO2
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2
Q

SPDD (gas machine organization)

A

Supply
Processing
Delivery
Disposal

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3
Q

Supply for gas machine (2) - how do gasses get into the machine?

A

Pipeline and cylinders

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4
Q

O2 hospital pipeline liquid oxygen is converted to gas pressure of

A

50 psi

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5
Q

DISS stands for (and fucntion)

A

Diameter Index Safety alarm

non-interchangable, threaded fittings to connect gas powered devices to station outlets

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6
Q

cylinders on back of machine should be kept closed so that

A

alarm will sound with a loss of pressure

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7
Q

What is the most frequently missed item in preanesthesia setup

A

amubag

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8
Q

Cylinder valve

A

Most fragile part of cylinder

has a unique arrangement of holes that correspond with contents

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9
Q

Pipeline psi

A

50 psi

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10
Q

Oxygen cylinder is supplied at (psi)

A

1900-2200 PSI

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11
Q

Oxygen in cylinder is regulated to ____ PSI after it enters the machine

A

45 psi

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12
Q

NIOSH recommendation fo occupational exposure to nitrous

A

<2ppm halogenated agents (0.5 ppm if using N2O)

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13
Q

NIOSH reccomendation for occupation exposure to N2O alone

A

<25 ppm

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14
Q

What prevents one cylinder from emptying into the other

A

Free floating valve

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15
Q

E cylinder with highest pressure

A

closes valve on the cylinder with less pressure

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16
Q

Check valve in cylinder yoke (3):

A
  1. Minimizes trans-filling
  2. allows change of cylinders during use
  3. Minimizes leaks to atm if yoke is empty
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17
Q

Regulator in cylinder

A

supplies constant downstream pressure (45 psi) so that if cylinder is left open, gas will still flow

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18
Q

O2 service pressure

A

1900 psi

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19
Q

N2O service pressure

A

745-750

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20
Q

Air service pressure

A

1900

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21
Q

O2 capacity

A

660L

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22
Q

N2O capacity

A

1600 L

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23
Q

Air capacity

A

635 L

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24
Q

The five tasks of oxygen:

A
  1. Flows to the fresh gas flowmeter
  2. Powers the oxygen flush
  3. activates fail safe mechanics
  4. Activates oxygen low pressure alarm
  5. Compresses the bellows of mechanical ventilators
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25
Q

Flowmeters are located downstream from all safety devices and alarms EXCEPT:

A

the oxygen analyzer

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26
Q

When should you flush to fill bellows?

A

during EXPIRATION

27
Q

Oxygen flush valve

A

Bypasses vaporizers and can dilute anesthetic

28
Q

Gate of gas outlet is held open by

A

pressure in the oxygen line
(oxygen must be present for gate to remain open)

Gate closes if oxygen pressure is not met

29
Q

Piston ventilators may operate for prolonged periods with only cylinder supplies because:

A

They do not consume oxygen to drive the bellows

30
Q

A ventilator not driven on pistons and driven on oxygen can consume a whole E cylinder in:

A

30 minutes

31
Q

Final breathing mixtures at the common gas outlet are

A

at least 23% to 25% oxygen

32
Q

How can oxygen proportioning fail (4)?

A
  1. wrong supply of gas in oxygen pipeline or cylinder
  2. Defective pneumatics or mechanics
  3. Leaks downstream of flow control valves
  4. innert gas administration (third gas such as helium)
33
Q

Low pressure alarm and hypoxic guard systems are based on

A

the pressure within the oxygen circuitry of the gas machine

34
Q

______ determines that oxygen is present

A

Inspired Oxygen Analysis

*ONLY ONE SYSTEM that does this

35
Q

Inspired oxygen analysis check

A

MUST check function before ANY anesthesia care, including MAC cases in case of needing to convert to GA

36
Q

What is used to contain liquid in the vaporizers and why

A

copper, because it has high thermal conductivity and capacity

37
Q

The rate of vaporization depends on:

A
  1. temperature
  2. vapor pressure of the liquid
  3. partial pressure of the vapor above the evaporating liquid
38
Q

vapor prsesure

A

equilibrium between molecules leaving liquid phase into gaseous phase and molecules leaving gaseous phase and entering liquid phase

39
Q

Latent heat of vaporization

A

heat required to change one mol of liquid into gas

40
Q

Specific heat

A

heat required to raise the temp of 1g of substance by 1 degree celcius

41
Q

Thermal conductivity

A

ability of a given material to conduct/transfer heat

42
Q

Ambient pressure effect*

A
43
Q

Boyle’s law

A

If volume increases, pressure decreases and vice versa

44
Q

Tec 6 vaporizers are designed specifically for_____and are ______ heated

A

desflurane, electrically heated

45
Q

Tec 6 vaporiers are pressurized to____.

A

2 atmospheres

46
Q

Desflurane must be heated to

A

maintain a constant temp and vapor pressure. It has a vapor pressure 3-4 times that of other gasses and boils at room temp, need to prevent “boiling out” at room temp

47
Q

Altitude and desflurane vaporizer output

A

Higher altitude = lower barometric pressure

You would need to increase dial at higher pressure to obtain same effect at lower altitude

48
Q

During the ____ stage, low fresh gas flows are good

A

maintenance

49
Q

increasing the flows on induction will _______ the speed of equilibrium

A

increase

50
Q

After induction, too low of flows could cause

A

awareness

51
Q

The low pressure leak test evaluates:

A

the integrity of the anesthesia machine from the flow control valves to the common gas oullet

52
Q

Evaluation of the circle system and APL valve: (where does it evaluate)

A

evaluates from common gas outlet to patient

53
Q

Circle system and APL valve evaluates: (what does it evaluate)

A
  1. Leak in circuit
    2.proper inspiratory and expiratory flow
54
Q

Gas enters the system from ______ and exits ______

A

enters from CGO by way of fresh gas delivery hose, and exits the circle to the scavenger via the APL valve

55
Q

APL valve aka

A

adjustable pressure-limiting valve

56
Q

APL valve function (4):

A

-provide dialed-in amount of pressure to patient
-PEEP
-manual ventilation
-assisted respiration

57
Q

What determines breathing circuit resistance(2)?

A

circuit diameter and length

58
Q

What machine alarms are based on circuit pressure?

A
  1. disconnection alarm
  2. high pressure alarm
59
Q

Most common critical incidents occur from

A

disconnection at the Y piece

60
Q

Boyle’s law

A

Volume of gas and pressure of gas are inversely related

61
Q

What can reliably detect a disconnection in the breathing circuit (2)?

A
  1. ETCO2
  2. Respirometer
62
Q

What is the most important part of the scavenging system

A

the scavenging interface

63
Q
A

Priniclpes Of Anesthesia (19 decks)

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