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Gas Machine > Gas Machine > Flashcards

Gas Machine Flashcards

1
Q

Two Types of Gas Machines are

A

GE - Datex

North American Drager

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2
Q

Two forces (2 factors) necessary to operate AGM

A

Gas -> Pressure {The entire machine is is pressurized with 100% O2}

Electricity -> Power
Battery will only last 2-3 hours

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3
Q

Why do we pressurize the machine with O2

A

We use O2 instead of any other gas in case of any malfunction, the parent doesn’t become too hypoxic (all the other gases depend on the flow of O2 for delivery, if O2 supply stops (the main driving source), all the delivery of the other gases stop.

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4
Q

High Pressure system range is

A

750-2000 PSI

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5
Q

PSI

A

Pounds per square inch

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6
Q

what is the size of cylinder used on AGM?

A

e-cylinder

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7
Q

when do you turn on your cylinders?

A

EMERGENCY

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8
Q

pressure in a full O2 tank

A

2000 PSI

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9
Q

half tank of O2

A

1000 PSI

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10
Q

full tank of Nitrous Oxide

A

750 PSI

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11
Q

half full tank of Nitrous Oxide

A

750 PSI

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12
Q

Intermediate pressure system

A

50 PSI

Hospital System

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13
Q

Why do we use low pressures for patients?

A

decrease risk of barotrauma

decrease risk of equipment damage

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14
Q

Low pressure is at what level?

A

<40 psi

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15
Q

Pressure is measured how (3 types)

A

PSI
cmH20
torr

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16
Q

volume is measured how (2 types)

A

L/min

mL/min

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17
Q

Body of the tank

A

colored portion of tank tells what is in the tank

Except for aluminum tanks (can go the MRI)

made of heavy metals and allows to withstand high pressures

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18
Q

Valve

A

top of the tank

two parts the port and the stem

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19
Q

Port (part of the valve)

A

Larger hole where gas exits tank to machine

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20
Q

Stem (part of the valve)

A

the extension that opens and closes the valve

Turn 1/4 turn to open or close

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21
Q

Pressure relief valve

A

smaller hole on the opposite side of the port

Relieves excess pressure if overfilled or when overheated

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22
Q

Conical depression

A

located above pressure relief device

A depression where the retaining screw of the AGM secures the tank to machine

ENSURES TIGHT SEAL TO PREVENT LEAKS

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23
Q

NISS

A

noninterchangeable safety system (NISS)

fail safe devices
prevents delivery of a hypoxic gas mixture

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24
Q

PISS

A

pin index safety system (PISS)
*used ONLY for E-cylinders

Holes located on the cylinder valve below the outlet port

  • unique configuration for each type of gas tank
  • prevents the wrong type of tank from engaging with the wrong yoke
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25
Q

Coloring system

A

Different colored tanks indicates what type of gas is in each tank

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26
Q

Color of each gas O2, Nitrous Oxide, Air

A

O2- Green
Nitrous Oxide - Blue
Air - Yellow

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27
Q

How to store O2 tanks

A

upright in the cart
dont place in the bed on the side rail
place under the transportation cart

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28
Q

Yoke

A

Where all high pressure gases ENTER the AGM
HIGH PRESSURE

Houses the cylinders
Forms tight seal
Promotes unidirectional flow of gas
3 ports on each AGM

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29
Q

Nipple

A

part of the yoke
High Pressure
Engages with PORT of E-cylinder
Make sure you pale the plastic asher on the nipple to minimize leaks

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30
Q

Filter

A

INSIDE the Nipple

Filters out the particles

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31
Q

Parts of the HIGH PRESSURE SYSTEM

A

yoke, nipple, filter, cylinder gage

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32
Q

Intermediate pressure supply

A

50 PSI

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33
Q

Central Supply System

A

Intermediate
Small facilities utilize this system
Cost effective
Utilizes large cylinders (H-type) in several banks

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34
Q

Bulk Supply

A

utilized in large facilities
higher yield
O2 is gas at room temperature, must be cooled to -297 F to turn to liquid
**small volume of liquid yields large amount of gas

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35
Q

Air compressors

A

located on roof
filters out water - dry air is given to prevent mechanical/machine damage

filters Water**Smog**CO2**Dirt Particles

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36
Q

Piping

A

coper pipes in facility walls

37
Q

size of copper pipes

A

O2- (smaller) 1/4 diameter
N02 - larger- 1/2 diameter

SAFTY SYSTEM

38
Q

Shut of safety valve on pipes

A

located in every OR

Turn valve 1/4 turn clockwise

39
Q

Terminal Units

A

phrase used to when talking about the pipelines and the end point for each gas

Each OR is a Terminal Unit
Every Terminal unit has a shut off valve

40
Q

DISS

A

Diameter Index System (Diss)

Connections to wall or ceiling supply have different diameters to prevent improper connections of gases

41
Q

How to calcite how long your cylinder will last

A

L/min x 60

42
Q

How to make you cylinder last longer

A

decrease the the O2 flow to little as possible
AND
Hand ventilate (O2 is the driving gas in the ventilator)

43
Q

Gas Flow in a HIGH PRESSURE

A

Cylinder -> Nipple/filter-> cylinder gauge -> cylinder regulator

44
Q

What changes the high pressure to a low pressure

A

Cylinder Regulator

45
Q

What to check in the AM

A

Cylinder gage pressure, wall pressure, oxygen sensory, suction on your scalage,

46
Q

Cylinder check

A

prevents the back flow of gases

gas should go to the patient

47
Q

Fas flow of the Intermediate Pressure supply

A

piperine -> pipeline gage -> pipline relief valve -> NO2 pressure shut off valve -> secondary regulator ->

48
Q

Why not leave the cylinders pressure on?

A

If the pressure in the hospital ever drops than the extra pressure form the cylinder will fill in for the pipeline and deplete the tank leaving you in trouble if their is an emergency

49
Q

Where can pressure go even if the power is turned off? (3 places)

A 
#1 Side arm flowmeter 
#2 Oxygen Flush Button
#3 The power button
50
Q

What switches the pressure from a intermediate to low pressure

A

Secondary Regulator pressure goes from 50 psi to a 30 psi

51
Q

What is the N2O circuit valve

A

when O2 pressure drops the N20 valve turns off.
FAIL SAFETY SYSTEM
Prevents hypoxia

There must be pressure in the O2 circuit to keep the N20 shut off valve open and enable flow of N20.

52
Q

What kind of tube is a flowmeter?

A

Thorpe Tube

53
Q

What is a Thorpe Tube

A

Tapered, lower at the bottom, and larger at the top
The diameter of the Thorpe tube is called the ANNULAR
{Higher gas flow at higher liter demands}
The diameter increases at higher flow rates

54
Q

O2 Knob is different how

A
  • Fluted
  • Color
  • Diameter (larger)
  • ALWAYS ON the RIGHT
55
Q

N2) knob details

A
  • Knurled
  • Color - Blue
  • Smaller than O2
  • not on the right
56
Q

Link-25 ??

A

GE has a failsafe system.

The O2 and N2O knobs are linked together physically.
Prevents hypoxic gas mixture, keeps N2O to O2 at a 3:1 ratio

57
Q

Where do all the gasses mix together

A

Common gas manifold (LOW PRESSURE SYSTEM)

58
Q

What is a vapor pressure

A

The pressure a volatile agent generate when it vaporizes in a closed container/system

59
Q

If a more volatile agent has a higher or lower vapor pressure

A

HIGHER vapor pressure

60
Q

If the agent is volatile than it needs a higher or lower temp.

A

higher temp

61
Q

What agent is the most volatile

A

Des

62
Q

What is the most important component of vaporization?

A

TEMPERATURE

63
Q

carrier gas properties

A

passing a carrier gas over the liquid decreases the vapor pressure, cooling the liquid

64
Q

What do we have the biggest control over when talking about the gasses

A

We control the flow rate of carrier gas

65
Q

an increased carrier gas temperature will carry more or less gas??? AND how can you compensate?

A

MORE…. you can decrease the flow of the carrier gas

66
Q

a decreased carrier gas temperature will carry more or less gas??? AND how can you compensate?

A

Less…. you can increase the flow of the carrier gas

67
Q

Vaporizer has what kind of safety device in it

A

Bi-metallic strip

68
Q

In high temperature what will the bimetallic strip do?

A

Reduced the flow of carrier gas to maintain set concentration by EXPANDING

69
Q

In low temperature what will the bimetallic strip do?

A

Increases flow of the carrier gas to maintain set concentration by CONTRACTING

70
Q

Does the Des have a bi-metalic strip?

A

NO.. it has an exterior heater

71
Q

What gas can be filed during surgery?

A

DES

72
Q

What is the last part of the machine before entering the breathing system

A

Common Gas Outlet

73
Q

anything downstream from the ________ is in direct contact with the patient

A

Common gas outlet

74
Q

Inspiratory Limb

A

The common gas outlet enter the patient circuit, also known as a circle breathing system via the fresh gas outlet

75
Q

Where doest the gas enter the breathing system?

A

Fresh gas inlet

76
Q

The inspiratory Valve opens when?

A

Inspiration
Opens when you squeeze the bag to deliver a breath
Opens when the ventilator delivers a mechanical breath (bellow pushes down)
CLOSES ON EXPIRATION

77
Q

What is on the inspiration limb?

A

Humidifier -> Oxygen senor (check prior to case) -> Mass spectrometry

78
Q

Gas passes what on the expiratory limb?

A

airway pressure valve -> expiratory valve->

79
Q

Expiratory Limb opens when

A

opens upon patient expiration
opens when you release pressure on the bag
open when the ventilator bellow go up
Closes on Inspiration

80
Q

Mechanical unidirectional valves

A

ensure that the gasses only flow one-way through circuit

81
Q

highest point of resistant on the breathing system is

A

the unidirectional valve

82
Q

Absober does what

A

the gas enters from the top of the canister to the bottom.
When the ventilator bellow or piston delivers a breath (pushes down) OR you manually squeeze the bag,
you are delivering exhaled CO2 gases through the absorber and to the inspiratory limb of the patient*

83
Q

Absorber system

A

pulls CO2 out of exhaled gas mixture

Flow enters from the top and flows through absorbent, exiting from the bottom

84
Q

Wall effect

A

There is more space in between the canister walls and the granules vs. the space in between the granules

GOOD THING Allows you to visualize whether the absorber is exhausted or not because the granules on the outside

85
Q

Absorbent compensation…

A

BASE

NaOH, KOH, CaOH (Hydroxides)

86
Q

Chemical reaction in the absorbents

A

CO2 + H20 =H2CO3 (carbonic acid)
H2CO3 + NaOH, CaOH, KOH (hydroxides)
CaCO3 (carbonates) + HEAT + H20

87
Q

What makes the granules purple?

A

CO2 reacts with hydroxides and water in absorbent to produce HEAT, WATER, and CARBONATES, with resulting color change from WHITE to PURPLE

88
Q

Issue with absorbent (Soda Lime & Sodasorb)

A

If canister is not changed at end of case and sits there overnight, it can change back to WHITE!

Increasing CO2 in body (looks like MH)

  • Increase ETCO2
  • flushed
  • tachycardia
  • sweating
  • vasodilation

Gas Machine (1 decks)

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