Gas Laws Flashcards
What is Brownian motion?
The random motion of small visible particles suspended in a fluid (e.g smoke particles in air) due to collisions with much smaller, randomly moving atoms or molecules of the fluid.
What does Boyles law state?
At a constant temperature, the pressure and the volume of a fixed mass of gas are inversely proportional.
What does Charles’ law state?
At a constant pressure, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature.
What does the pressure-temperature law state?
At a constant volume, the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature.
When do the gas laws not apply?
The gas laws break down if the gas is close to its boiling point or very high pressures are used.
What are the assumptions made when considering an ‘ideal gas’?
1) the gas consists of a large number of particles in rapid, random motion.
2) particles occupy negligible volume in comparison to the volume of the gas.
3) all collisions of particles are perfectly elastic
4) negligible forces act between the particles except during collisions.
5) the time of any collision is negligible compared to time between collisions.
In what conditions does a gas most resemble an ideal gas?
When the temperature is much higher than the boiling point of the gas and the pressure is low so the particles are far apart.
