Gas laws

Question 0

Daltons law states that

Answer 0

The total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the pressure that would be exerted by each of the gases if it alone were present and occupied the total volume

Question 1

Boyles law states

Answer 1

At a constant temperature, the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume

Question 2

Charles law states

Answer 2

At a constant pressure, the volume of gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature

Question 3

The critical temperature is the temperature

Answer 3

above which no application of pressure along will liquefy

Question 4

Name two gases which exists as a liquid

Answer 4

Nitrous oxide

Carbon dioxide

Question 5

Composition of Entonox

Answer 5

50% oxygen / 50% nitrous

Question 6

If a substance has a critical temperature below normal temperature it will exist in a cylinder as a

Answer 6

gas

Question 7

If a substance has a critical temperature above normal temperature, it will exist in a cylinder as

Answer 7

a liquid

Question 8

Medical gases can be supplied in 3 ways

Answer 8

fixed pipelines
flexible pipelines
cylinders

Question 9

Fixed pipelines are made from

Answer 9

high quality copper

Question 10

Colour coding of piped gas outlets for Oxygen, Nitrous Oxide and Medical air

Answer 10

oxygen - white (400kpa)
Nitrous oxide - blue (400kpa)))
medical air - white and black - 400kpa & (used on patient)
700 kpa ( run devices such as tourniquets and power tools)

Question 11

Function of flexible pipelines

Answer 11

Connect wall/ceiling mounted gas outlet to anaesthetic machine

Question 12

Anaesthetic machine end of pipeline is fixed by

Answer 12

Non interchangeable screw thread

Question 13

Detachable end of flexible pipeline attached to outlet via

Answer 13

Schraeder valve

Question 14

Cylinders are made from

Answer 14

molybdenum steel

Question 15

Cylinders are manufactured in sizes

Answer 15

B-J

Question 16

How should cylinders be stored

Answer 16

In a designated place
full cylinders should be stored separately
Keep away from heat source

Question 17

Information engraved on cylinders (4)

Answer 17

Test pressure
Dates test performed
Chemical formula of contents
Tare weight

Question 18

Information on medical gas cylinder labels

Answer 18

Name, chemical symbol & licence number
Hazard warning and safety instruction
Cylinder size code
Cylinder contents  (in litres)
Maximum cylinder pressure (bar)
shelf life & expiry date
directions for use
storage and handling precautions

Question 19

Colour coding of cylinders in future the body of the cylinder will be —-and the shoulder will –

Answer 19

white body

shoulder retain same identifying colours

Question 20

Colour coding of oxygen cylinder

Answer 20

Body - black

shoulder - white

Question 21

colour coding of nitrous oxide cylinder

Answer 21

body blue

shoulder blue

Question 22

colour coding of carbon dioxide

Answer 22

grey shoulder

grey body

Question 23

colour coding of air cylinder

Answer 23

body-grey

shoulder - black and white

Question 24

colour coding of Entonox cylinder

Answer 24

body - blue

shoulder - blue and white

Question 25

purpose of cylinder valve

Answer 25

mounted on neck of cylinder

mechanism for opening/closing gas pathway

Question 26

what is the pin index system

Answer 26

Non interchangeable safety system
Allows only correct cylinder to be fitted to yoke
Pins in specific position on the yoke match up with holes in the cylinder valve
The exit port on the cylinder will not seal against the washer/yoke unles the holes are alligned
Used on cylinders E and below and on F and G size entonox cylinders

Question 27

Pin index for oxygen

Answer 27

2 & 5

Question 28

Pin index for nitrous oxide

Answer 28

3& 5

Question 29

Pin index for carbon dioxide

Answer 29

1 & 6

Question 30

Pin index for air

Answer 30

1 & 5

Question 31

Flowmeters measure

Answer 31

the flow rate of a gas passing through them

Question 32

flowmeters consist of

Answer 32

a flow control valve
a tapered plastic/glass tube
a bobin

Question 33

The reading of the gas flow is taken from the — of the bobbin

Answer 33

top

Question 34

Why might the bobbin stick

Answer 34

if floor uneven
dirt trapped in machine
build up of static electricity

Question 35

Design of bobbin

Answer 35

Top of bobbin has flutes cut into its sides causing it to rotate when gas flows past it.
White dot on bobbin which you can see moving

Question 36

Alternative supply of oxygen incase pipeline fails can be supplied via

Answer 36

cylinder
Manifold (banks of cylinders size J)
liquid oxygen store
oxygen concentrator

Question 37

Medical gases

Answer 37

oxygen
nitrous oxide
medical air
carbon dioxide
entonox

Question 38

Liquid oxygen is stored between

Answer 38

-150 and -170 degrees

Question 39

Uses of Co2

Answer 39

To stimulate breathing at end at reversal (old fashioned technique)
insufflation of abdomen for laparoscopic procedure
Co2 laser

Question 40

Properties of nitrous oxide

Answer 40

Sweet smelling, non-irritant and colourless
Not flammable but supports combustion at high temperatures
Excellent analgesic
Weak anaesthetic
Will diffuse easily into air spaces and so increase volume within air space,eg can increase pressure in ET cuff
Filling ration 0.75

Question 41

Properties of entonox

Answer 41

50% oxygen and 50% nitrous known as gas and air
Stored as a gas
store portable cylinders horizontally to ensure o2 and N2o mixed
if temp falls below -5.5 degree C nitrous oxide liquifies and separates from oxygen
Store above 5 degrees for 24 hours before se to prevent separation resulting in hypoxic supply of N2o to patient.