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Calculations > Gas Laws > Flashcards

Gas Laws Flashcards

1
Q

Boyles Law

A

P1V1 = P2V2

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2
Q

Charles Law

A

V1 / T1 = V2 / T2

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3
Q

Gay Lussac Law

A

P1 / T1 = P2 / T2

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4
Q

Dry volume of gas is (greater/less) than the saturated volume.

A

less than

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5
Q

The pressure exerted by water is independent of the other gases with which it mixes. What 2 things effect vapor pressure?

A

temperature and relative humidity

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6
Q

Water vapor pressure has what effect on the partial pressure of other gases present?

A

When water vapor is present, it lowers the partial pressure of the other gases present

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7
Q

Pressure is defined as:

A

the force exerted per unit area of surface

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8
Q

If gas in a container is compressed by adding pressure, does this change the mass? The volume? The density?

A

Mass remains unchanged.
Volume decreases
Density becomes greater (D= M/V)

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9
Q

Boyles law states that volume and pressure are ____ related when temperature is constant

A

inversely

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10
Q

Charles law states that at constant pressure, the volume a fixed weight of gas occupies is _____ related to the absolute temperature.

A

directly proportional

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11
Q

Gay-Lussac law states that at constant volume, the pressure of gas is _____ related to the Kelvin temperature.

A

directly proportional

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12
Q

An autoclave utilizes which gas law principles?

A

Gay-Lussac

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13
Q

The action of a syringe illustrates which gas law principle?

A

Boyles Law

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14
Q

A mole contains how many atoms/molecules?

A

6.023 x 10 ^23

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15
Q

The partial pressure of gases must be proportional to its percentage in a mixture describes what?

A

Daltons law of partial pressure

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16
Q

Doubling the number of gas particles in a container does what to the pressure in the container?

A

Increases by the same factor, ie it doubles the pressure

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17
Q

To completely describe the quality of a gas, what 4 things must be measured?

A

Pressure, temperature, volume, number of particles

18
Q

The kinetic energy of gas is directly related to what?

A

its temperature as measured in Kelvin units

19
Q

When is gas behavior most ideal?

A

At low pressures and high temperatures

20
Q

What is the density of gas?

A

Gases have very low densities- no volume, lots of empty space. They only acquire density under pressure

21
Q

The relationship of gas pressure to the number of moles present is _________.

A

Direct relationship (more moles = more collisions, greater pressure, fewer moles, less collisions, less pressure

22
Q

The only way to increase the temperature of a gas at constant pressure to to change what?

A

increase the volume

23
Q

What is the formula for determining pressure?

A

Pressure = force / area

24
Q

What is STPD?

A

0 celcius, 1 atm (or 273 K, 101.3 kPa)

25
Q

Spreading of gas molecules throughout a container until evenly distributed is called ___?

A

diffusion

26
Q

Passing of gas molecules through a tiny opening in a container is called ____?

A

effusion

27
Q

Kinetic energy is determined by what property?

A

temperature

28
Q

What moves faster, heavy or light molecules?

A

light molecules move faster

29
Q

Rate of diffusion of a gas is inversely related to the square root of its molar mass is _____ law.

A

Grahams

30
Q

Solubility and partial pressure of a gas determines how much will _____in a liquid at a given temperature is ______ law.

A

dissolve, Henry’s Law

31
Q

The solubility coefficient for O2 at STPD is

A

0.023 ml/ml

32
Q

The solubility coefficient for CO2 at STPD is

A

0.510 ml/ml

33
Q

What is Reynold’s number? (definition)

A

numerical value that determines whether flow through a tube will be turbulent or laminar

34
Q

What is the formula for determining the Reynold’s number?

A

RN= velocity x density x diameter of tube /

viscosity

35
Q

An increased flow rate or increased gas density will (increase/decrease) the R number?

A

increase

36
Q

An R value of less than ______ means that flow is laminar

A

2,000

37
Q

Poiseuilles law shows the ____ relationship between the work of breathing and the radius of the airway

A

inverse

38
Q

The pressure difference needed for ____ flow through a tube is related to fluid viscosity, length of tube, rate of flow, and tube radius.

A

laminar

39
Q

The pressure difference needed for laminar flow through a tube is related to fluid ____, length of tube, tube radius, and rate of flow.

A

viscosity

40
Q

Liquid molecules exert ____force in all directions is a principle credited to who?

A

equal, Pascal

41
Q

How do you determine the static pressure of a liquid?

A

PL= h x dw

Liquid static pressure = height of the liquid x density (weight)

Calculations (3 decks)

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