Gas Laws Flashcards
Boyles Law
P1V1 = P2V2
Charles Law
V1 / T1 = V2 / T2
Gay Lussac Law
P1 / T1 = P2 / T2
Dry volume of gas is (greater/less) than the saturated volume.
less than
The pressure exerted by water is independent of the other gases with which it mixes. What 2 things effect vapor pressure?
temperature and relative humidity
Water vapor pressure has what effect on the partial pressure of other gases present?
When water vapor is present, it lowers the partial pressure of the other gases present
Pressure is defined as:
the force exerted per unit area of surface
If gas in a container is compressed by adding pressure, does this change the mass? The volume? The density?
Mass remains unchanged.
Volume decreases
Density becomes greater (D= M/V)
Boyles law states that volume and pressure are ____ related when temperature is constant
inversely
Charles law states that at constant pressure, the volume a fixed weight of gas occupies is _____ related to the absolute temperature.
directly proportional
Gay-Lussac law states that at constant volume, the pressure of gas is _____ related to the Kelvin temperature.
directly proportional
An autoclave utilizes which gas law principles?
Gay-Lussac
The action of a syringe illustrates which gas law principle?
Boyles Law
A mole contains how many atoms/molecules?
6.023 x 10 ^23
The partial pressure of gases must be proportional to its percentage in a mixture describes what?
Daltons law of partial pressure
Doubling the number of gas particles in a container does what to the pressure in the container?
Increases by the same factor, ie it doubles the pressure
To completely describe the quality of a gas, what 4 things must be measured?
Pressure, temperature, volume, number of particles
The kinetic energy of gas is directly related to what?
its temperature as measured in Kelvin units
When is gas behavior most ideal?
At low pressures and high temperatures
What is the density of gas?
Gases have very low densities- no volume, lots of empty space. They only acquire density under pressure
The relationship of gas pressure to the number of moles present is _________.
Direct relationship (more moles = more collisions, greater pressure, fewer moles, less collisions, less pressure
The only way to increase the temperature of a gas at constant pressure to to change what?
increase the volume
What is the formula for determining pressure?
Pressure = force / area
What is STPD?
0 celcius, 1 atm (or 273 K, 101.3 kPa)
Spreading of gas molecules throughout a container until evenly distributed is called ___?
diffusion
Passing of gas molecules through a tiny opening in a container is called ____?
effusion
Kinetic energy is determined by what property?
temperature
What moves faster, heavy or light molecules?
light molecules move faster
Rate of diffusion of a gas is inversely related to the square root of its molar mass is _____ law.
Grahams
Solubility and partial pressure of a gas determines how much will _____in a liquid at a given temperature is ______ law.
dissolve, Henry’s Law
The solubility coefficient for O2 at STPD is
0.023 ml/ml
The solubility coefficient for CO2 at STPD is
0.510 ml/ml
What is Reynold’s number? (definition)
numerical value that determines whether flow through a tube will be turbulent or laminar
What is the formula for determining the Reynold’s number?
RN= velocity x density x diameter of tube /
viscosity
An increased flow rate or increased gas density will (increase/decrease) the R number?
increase
An R value of less than ______ means that flow is laminar
2,000
Poiseuilles law shows the ____ relationship between the work of breathing and the radius of the airway
inverse
The pressure difference needed for ____ flow through a tube is related to fluid viscosity, length of tube, rate of flow, and tube radius.
laminar
The pressure difference needed for laminar flow through a tube is related to fluid ____, length of tube, tube radius, and rate of flow.
viscosity
Liquid molecules exert ____force in all directions is a principle credited to who?
equal, Pascal
How do you determine the static pressure of a liquid?
PL= h x dw
Liquid static pressure = height of the liquid x density (weight)
