Gas Exchange & Respiratory Function Flashcards
warms and filters air
upper respiratory system
accomplishes gas exchange
lower respiratory system
this is where gas exchange takes place
alveoli
it is the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide at the alveolar
capillary membrane
diffusion
it is the arterial/venous circulation filling pulmonary capillaries with blood
perfusion
it is the gas exchange between the lungs and blood and blood and tissues
respiration
it is the flow of air in and out of the lungs
ventilation
An increase in pulmonary ventilation that O2 needs of metabolism
hyperventilation
this manuever helps stabilize chest during lifting that closes the glottis following a full inspiration while activating expiratory muscle
valvasa manuever
a device that ensures volume of air is inhaled, and the patient takes deep breathes. it is also used to prevent or treat atelectasis.
Incentive Spirometer
it is used to assess the adequacy of alveolar ventilation and the ability of the lungs to provide oxygen and remove carbon dioxide
arterial blood gases
it is used to assess the adequacy of alveolar ventilation and the ability of the lungs to provide oxygen and remove carbon dioxide
arterial blood gases
it detects densities produced by fluid, tumors and foreign bodies
chest x ray
it detects densities produced by fluid, tumors and foreign bodies
chest x ray
a contrast/distinguish body densities such as bone, soft tissue and also define pulmonary nodules and small tumors
CT (computed topography)
it is a more detailed diagnostic image
that characterizes pulmonary nodules, help stage carcinoma
MRI
it is used to assist with invasive procedures (biopsy) to identify lesions.
and study the movement of the chest, heart, and diaphragm
fluroscopic studies
a procedure where we inject the radiopaque agent into a vein in one or both arms (simultaneously) or into the femoral vein with a needle or catheter.
pulmonary angiography
an advanced diagnostic capabilities that is used to evaluate lung nodules for malignancy and it also distinguished normal tissue from diseased tissue
positron emission tomography
it is more accurate in detecting malignancies than CT and has equivalent accuracy in detecting malignancies
PET
examine tissues or collect secretions and determined whether a tumor can be resected surgically
bronchoscopy
– a thin, flexible that can be directed into the segmental bronchi
– Excellent optical system that increase visualization of the airways
fiberoptic bronchoscope
– Diagnostic procedure in which the pleural cavity is examined with an endoscope
– Small incisions are made into the pleural cavity
– After any fluid is aspirated, the fiberoptic is inserted
thoracoscopy
Aspiration of fluid or air from the pleural space
thoracentesis
