Gas exchange in insects

Question 1

Why do insects have adaptations to their gas exchange system?

Answer 1

To maximise gas exchange efficiency whilst minimising water loss

Question 2

Order of structures involved in the gas exchange of insects

Answer 2

Spiracles → trachea → tracheoles

Question 3

Describe the structure and function of spiracles

Answer 3

Round external openings on the exoskeleton along the abdomen and thorax of an insect
Oxygen enters via the spiracles and carbon dioxide leaves via the spiracles

Question 4

What adaptation does the spiracles have to mininmise water loss in insects?

Answer 4

Spiracles will open and close minimising water loss

Question 5

Describe the structure and function of trachea

Answer 5

Air-filled tubes branching throughout the insect body
They transport air to the body

Question 6

What are 2 adaptations of the trachea that maximise efficient gas exchange?

Answer 6

• Reinforced with chitin which prevents collapsing
• Multiple trachea to increase surface area so faster diffusion of substances

Question 7

Describe the structure and function of the tracheoles

Answer 7

Smaller tubes that branch from the trachea
They deliver gases to cells

Question 8

What are adaptations of the tracheoles that maximise efficient gas exchange?

Answer 8

• Thin walls which reduce the gas diffusion distance
• Penetrate directly into tissues which reduces gas diffusion distance
• Tracheoles are highly branched which increase their surface area