gas exchange in humans

Question 1

Diffusion in human gas exchange

Answer 1

CO2 and 02 diffused in alveoli

Question 2

Role of intercostal muscles diaphragm in ventilation

Answer 2

Intercostal muscles let lungs expand out and up, diaphragm contracts to allow lungs to take in more air to expand more

Question 3

Alveoli diffusion adaptations

Answer 3

Short diffusion pathway, 1 cell thick walls
Lots of capillaries for maximum blood supply
Large surface area- 700 million alveoli
Steep concentration gradient -
Constant ventilation (High 02 and low C02 concentration in alveoli)
Good blood supply (High C02 and low 02 concentration in alveoli)

Question 4

Effect of exercise on breathing

Answer 4

Faster gas exchange
Faster breathing rate- preventing anaerobic respiration
More oxygen diffuses into the blood and to muscles so they can contract

Question 5

Smoking effects on lungs

Answer 5

Tar in cigarettes causes lung diseases such as bronchitis, emphysema, lung cancer
Smoking can also cause carbon monoxide poisoning and Conorary heart disease