Gas exchange (animals + plants)

Question 1

Explain how the structure of the gill makes oxygen uptake efficient.

Answer 1

Due to the large surface area of the gill filaments and the constant flow of water over the lamellae.

Question 2

Explain counter current.

Answer 2

The gills consist of thin filaments with numerous lamellae, which increase the surface area for gas exchange. Oxygen rich water flows over the gill filaments, while blood flows through the capillaries in the opposite direction.

Question 3

What does counter current flow do?

Answer 3

Maximizes oxygen uptake and minimizes oxygen loss

Question 4

Suggest one advantage to a fish pf having a one way flow of water over its gills.

Answer 4

One way flow provides an advantage by maintaining a continuous, high concentration gradient for efficient gas exchange.

Question 5

What is the relationship between larger surface area of the gills and swimming speed?

Answer 5

Fish with larger surface area can efficiently extract oxygen from water, enabling them to maintain a higher swimming speed.