Gas exchange and reproduction Flashcards
Diffusion is
the movement of a substance from where it is in high concentration to where it is in low concentration
All animals respire. Respiration is
a chemical reaction
During normal human respiration, glucose reacts with ___________ to produce energy.
oxygen
The energy you get during respiration is needed for
growth, repair, movement
What two things are bi-products of respiration? These two things need to be excreted.
water and carbon dioxide
All vertebrate animals that live on land have ____________.
lungs
When we breathe in, the muscle below the rib cage is pulled down, and air gets sucked into the rib cage, filling the lungs. What is this muscle called?
diaphragm
Which of the following animals take in more oxygen per breath than other animals?
birds
Blood cells circulating through tiny blood vessels near the lungs pick up _____________ and carry it around the body to the sites of respiration
oxygen
The muscles between are ribs are called the
intercostal muscles
a highly addictive drug found in tabacco smoke is
nicotine
a common childhood disease involving sensitivity of the airways and a tendency to wheeze is called
asthma
The maximum volume of air that can be exchanged with very deep breathing
vital capacity
An alternative name for breathing to describe the movement of air in and out of the lungs
ventilation
The volume of air exchanged each breath under normal resting circumstances.
Tidal volume
The spongy air sacs that form the end of the bronchioles. Where gas exchange takes place in the lung.
alveoli
Lung disease involving damage to the lining of the bronchi, excess mucus production and increased risk of bacterial infection.
Bronchitis
The process of the removal of toxic waste products of metabolism from the body.
Excretion
One of two major airways leading from the trachea to the two sides of the lung.
Bronchus (bronchi)
Cancer resulting from growth of a tumour forming in the lung tissue. Usually caused by smoking.
Lung cancer
Sticky residue from tobacco smoke that coats the lungs of smokers. Contains carcinogens and other harmful chemicals.
tar
Small tubes that branch repeatedly from the bronchi and the trachea in the lungs ending in the alveoli.
Bronchioles
