Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Oxygenation > Gas exchange and oxygenation > Flashcards

Gas exchange and oxygenation Flashcards

1
Q

Bronchoconstriction

A

Tightening of the bronchus due to the contraction of the smooth muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Bronchodilation

A

Expansion of the airway in the bronchus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

pleural cavity

A

The space or cavity between the visceral and parietal layers of the lung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

pleura

A

A protective layer or membrane covering the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where is gas exchange occuring

A

The alveioli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

huff cough

A

pushing hair out quickly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

quad coughing

A

coughing using the abdomen and accessory muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what will happen with positive pressure

A

will exhale all the way, and breath more air in.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is happening when a person inhales

A

the diaphragm and the intercostal muscles contract, creating a negative pressure inside the lungs, and making the thorax increases.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Incentive spirometry

A

Good for people that hace had surgery, and teach before they go to sleep or before surgery. Decreases risk of developing atelectasis and reversing. Increases transpulmonary pressure, inspiratory volume and hyperinflate lungs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What happens when a person exhales?

A

The diaphragm relaxes and the intercostal muscles contract, so that gas inside the lungs is expelled.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Surfactant

A

lubrication made in the lungs, keeps the alveoli from collapsing during exhalation. A lack of surfactant can cause a loss of tissue causing a loss of volume during expansion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

atelactasis

A

collapse of airways and small sections of the lung as a result of shallow breathing. The collapsing of the lung during expansion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Ventilation

A

the flow of air inside or outside of the alveoli. Oxygen is transported into the alveoli and carbon dioxide is taken out.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Perfusion

A

The flow of blood, driven by cardiopulmonary system, into the alveolar capillaries.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Indications for suctioning

A
  1. Patency ( open and maintain open airway)
  2. Secretions
  3. Sample (when you want a culture)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

4 key things to remember when you sunction

A

1) hyperoxygenate (correct or prevent hypoxia) before and after
2) suction pressure help prevent atelectasis
-120 to -150 adults
-100 to -120 p
-80 to 100 n
3) catheter size ( less than 50% of the size) airway times x2 go down to the next even number)
4) Suction time less than 15 seconds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Hazards to suctioning

A

Hypoxemia, bronchospasm, increased ICP, cardial dysrhythmias, tachycardia, bradycardia ( initiated a vagul response, stop suctioning, give 100% oxygen, give meds if it doesn’t stop)
PVC ( happens in response to trauma, or hypoxemia) ( stop and give oxygen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Low-Flow Oxygen Delivery System

A

Nasal Cannula, Simple Face Mask, Partial Non-Rebreather Mask, Non-Rebereather Mask

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Nasal Cannula

A

Most common Method, Deliver 23-44% Ensure nares are patent, COPD rule no more than 1-2 L/min supperess ventilation drive.
Use sterile water for more then 4 LPM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Simple Mask

A

Deliver 35-50% Flow rate no more than 6L/min must have must have enough pressure to blow out the clients CO2.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Partial rebreather mask

A

60-90% flow rate 8-11 LPM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

how many liters for a tracheostomy patient

A

15 L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what must you do after puncture to arterial

A

apply pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
what is a normal PaO2
80-100
26
Hypoxemia PaO2
< 60
27
Venous lab work for monitoring oxygen therapy
HGB and HCT
28
What is the CPAP
continuous pressure that helps you breath in and out. Same amount of positive pressure throughout insp and exp. Uses O2 if needed or RA
29
Bipap
2 levels positive airway pressure for intake and and exhale high pressure for inhale, drop pressure for exhale
30
VPap
ventilator
31
artificial airways
oral airway, endotracheal and tracheal, invasive mechanical ventilation, noninvasive ventilation
32
Tracheostomy
a surgical opening through the base of the neck into the trachea
33
Nursing care for a tracheostomy
suctioning, cleaning q8h or as ordered, communication, teaching, emergency knowledge
34
what do you put in a trach whole if it comes undone
orbitrator
35
where does a tracheostomy sit
2 to 3, 3-4
36
Why do you have an inner and outer cannula
It is easier to clean vs constantly change in the state of an emergency.
37
difference between cuffed and uncuffed
cuffed prevents stomach content from comming up, uncuffed allows air through and ability to speak.
38
Are inner cannulas disposable
yes
39
fenestrated
allows to talk and breath more easier
40
complications of tracheostomy
grow into the skin ( sutures remain attatched because they are in the chest wall) change must always be done by the physician. Consdieration: Make sure you are able to communicate with patient. disloging of the tube granulation of the tissue in the trachea or at the stoma site always look for pressure injuries respiratory and or cardiovasular collapse air leak including pneymothorax, pheumomediastinum or subcutaneous emphysema
41
how often do you need to clean a trach persons mouth
every two hours
42
number 1 complication
obstruction
43
what does over inflation cause
necrosis, pressure injuries, reduced senses of smell and taste, difficulty swollowing, anchor the larynx, reduced sensation of the larynx reducing the cough reflex.
44
clinical complications with trach
loss of voice, psychological distress, speech and lang delays, loss of smell and taste, comp nutritional status, imaired swollowing, decreased oxygenation with PEEP
45
When to suction
coughing, dyspnea, rhonchi/bubbling, breath sounds, client unable to clear, before eating, before/after sleeping
46
tracheostomy suctioning is clean or sterile
sterile
47
What is inline suctioning
a sheath that attaches a sheath and is considered a clean procedure
48
document sectretions
color, amount, consistancy
49
oropharynx
Yankaur clients can cough effectively but cannot swallow or experctorate
50
closed in-line suctioning
multi use suctioning, enclosed in plastic sheath, sterile in sheath but clean gloves
51
Why check respirotory q8 hours
To make sure the treatment is being effective.
52
How often do you do trach care
every 8 hours
53
What is a oropharyngeal
Upper airway patency for obstructions of tongue or secretions, variety of sizes, measure from corner of mouth to angle of jaw, used for altered LOC, stimulate gag reglex, client can't be concouse.
54
Nasal artificial airway
Used for upper airways patency, softer more flexible, used for more alert clients not used for facial or head injuries.
55
Conditions requiring chest drainage (tube)
pneumothorax- air trapped between the pleurae, causes lung to become more compact and become smaller.
56
Pleural effusion
a colelction of fluid in the pleural space
57
tension pneumothorax
pneumothoax occurs when a closed pneumothorax creates positive pressure in the pleural space continues to build. That pressure is then transmitted to the mediastinum (heart and great vessels)
58
Symptoms of tension pneumothorax
shortness of breath, acute chest pain, decreased blood pressure, decreased blood O2, Increased heart rate.
59
causes of pheumothorax (tension)
trauma, spontaneous primary w/o underlying lung disease, simple with underlying lung disease.
60
Collapsed lung
SOB/DOE, chest pain, cough, absent or decreased sounds on affected side, shallow respirations, asymmetrical chest movement, decreased O2 saturation
61
RN role for collapsed lung
Educate pt. and family, administer pain meds, set up chest drainage unit, obtain consent, assists with insertion PRN, Verify occlusive dressing is intact (oily), Tape all connections from CT to drainage system to prevent air leaks, Assess the patient and document appropriately.
62
Restore negative pressure in the pleural space
1st vacuum source, water source, drainage bottle (optional)
63
Water seal chamber
Creates a one-way valve that prevents air or fluid from returning to the patients chest Monitor: airl leaks (bubbling) = abnormal finding Tidaling (fluctuations in fluid levels) = getting worse Increased negative pressure How much suction you have is physician ordered
64
Air leaks
Clamp tube off first, if bubbling stops its a leak from the patient
65
continuous bubbling initially is ok
true
66
Crepitus
There is a leak between the air and the skin. subcutaneous emphysema
67
When would your milk or strip the tubing of a chest drainage system
only if there is a suspected clot (controversial) may cause damage to the lung tissue as increased negative pressure is exerted.
68
What should you do when a client has a chest tube to transport
keep the drainage system lower than the pt. chest, may open suction end to air whcih equals a water seal, may clamps (rubber tipped hemostats) should be kept at the bedside.
69
Assess CCD
Check dressing, check tubing- dependent loops, check drainage in tubing and collection chamber, Check water seal chamber (bubbling, tidaling), check level of water (water seal chamber, suction control chamber)
70
What do you do when their is an accidental disconnection of the tube?
Reconnect asap or place tube in sterile water bottle until new system arrives. Monitor for s/s of resp distress, notify physician.
71
Accidental DC of chest tube
Seal off insertion site (dry sterile dressing or petroleum ause dressing 3 side secure Notify physician assess pt. prepare to assist with reinsertion watch for tension pneumothorax
72
what is expected in the water seal chamber
tidaling
73
what is expected in the suction control container
bubbling

Oxygenation (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions