Gas Exchange And Dosage Calculation Flashcards
Noninvasive ventilation delivers ventilatory support without an artificial airway (endotracheal or tracheostomy tube) to patients who can breathe spontaneously.
True
Nasal cannulas are the least common type of low-flow oxygen delivery system.
False
Simple face masks are used in patients who require short-term, higher oxygen concentration, such as FiO2 35% to 60%.
True
To prevent exhaled carbon dioxide accumulation within a face mask, the flow rate must be set at 2 L/ min - 5 L/min.
False
To prevent exhaled carbon dioxide accumulation within a face mask, the flow rate must be set at more than 6 L/min.
True or False. A standard surgical mask is used as part of droplet precautions to protect the nurse from acquiring the client’s infection.
True
The nurse is caring for a client who has been placed on droplet precautions. Which protective gear is required to take care of this client?
Surgical mask
Gown
Gloves
Glasses
Which actions would the nurse take when obtaining a sputum culture from a client with a diagnosis of pneumonia?
Obtain the specimen early in the morning
Instruct the client to take deep beaths before coughing
Explain the procedure to the client
A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of right lower lob pneumonia. The nurse ausculates the affected lung area, expecting to note which type of breath sounds?
Bronchial
Bronchial sounds are normally heard over the trachea. The client with pneumonia will have bronchial breath sounds over area(s) of consolidation because the consolidated tissue carries bronchial sounds to the peripheral lung fields.
The Nasal Cannula delivers how many liters per minute?
1-6 liters per minute
(25% - 45% Oxygen)
The NRB non-breather mask delivers 10-15 Liters per minute and is used for medical emergencies.
True
it is used for patients who have had carbon monoxide poisoning.
Which oxygen deliver devices is the most precise oxygen delivery device?
Venturi mask
Ventilation
The movement of air in and out of the lungs. Controlled by the neurologic and musculoskeletal systems.
Respiration
Oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange in the lungs. Controlled by the pulmonary and cardiovascular systems.
Low-flow devices
Nasal Cannulas, face masks and NRB (non-rebreather) masks
Moderate-flow devices
Partial non-rebreather (PRB) masks
High-flow devices
Venturi mask, HFNCs
A patient recovering from surgery in the postoperative area suddenly becomes confused, pulse ox reading shows a drop from 98% to 90% on room air. What is the most appropriate intervention?
Apply nasal cannula
Which term is used to document the presence of difficulty breathing noted in the provision of client care?
Dyspnea
Which respiratory rate is classified as bradypnea for an adult?
15 breaths per minute ?
Which respiratory rate is classified as tachypnea?
23 breaths per minute
Anything over 20
A client with newly diagnosed chronic obstructive disease is to be discharged home with oxygen per nasal prongs. Which teaching points should the nurse include in this client’s discharge plan?
Place gauze between the ears and oxygen tubing to prevent skin irritation
Avoid areas where people are smoking cigarettes or cigars.
Following nasal surgery, what should the nurse do first?
Assess respiratory status
The nurse is caring for a client receiving an albuterol/ipratropium nebulized breathing treatment. Which report from the client should the nurse note as an expected side effect of this combination medication?
“I feel like my heart is racing.”
The nurse is suctioning a client who had a largyngectomy. What is the maximum amount of time the nurse should suction the client?
10 seconds
When suctioning a tracheostomy tube 3 days following insertion, what should the nurse do?
Use a sterile catheter each time the client is suctioned.
The nurse is instructing a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) how to do pursed-lip breathing. In which order from first to last should the nurse explain the steps to the client? All options must be used.
- “Breathe in normally through your nose for two counts (while counting to yourself, one, two).”
- “Relax your neck and shoulder muscles.”
- “Pucker your lips as if you were going to whistle.”
- “Breathe out slowly through pursed lips for four counter (while counting to yourself, one, two, three, four).”
2, 1, 3, 4
Which is an expected outcome of pursed-lip breathing for clients with emphysema?
to promote carbon dioxide elimination
The nurse is planning to teach a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease how to cough effectively. Which instruction should be included?
Take a deep abdominal breath, bend forward, and cough three or four times on exhalation.
For a client with asthma, the healthcare provider (HCP) prescribes albuterol, two puffs twice a day via MDI, and beclomethasone, two puffs twice a day via MDI. The nurse should instruct the client to administer:
albuterol first and follow with beclomethasone two times a day
The nurse has a prescription to give a client salmeterol, 2 puffs, and beclomethasone dipropionate, 2 puffs, by metered-dose inhaler. The nurse should administer the medication using which procedure?
Salmeterol first and then the beclomethasone
The nurse observes a client using a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) to aid in management of asthma. Which actions indicate that the client needs further instruction?
holds the breath for 3 seconds after inhaling with the MDI
inspires rapidly when dispensing the medication from the MDI
cleans the inhaler and canister in soapy water before using again in rapid succsion
A nurse instructs a client with allergic rhinitis about the correct technique for using an intranasal inhaler. Which statement indicates that the client understands the instructions?
“I should hold one nostril closed while I insert the spray into the other nostril.”
When using an intranasal inhaler, it is important to close off one nostril while inhaling the spray into the other nostril to ensure the best inhalation of the spray. The inhaler tip should be inserted into the nostril and pointed toward the outside nostril wall to maximize inhalation of the medication.
Guaifenesin 300 mg four times a day has been prescribed as an expectorant. The dosage strength of the liquid is 200 mg/5mL. How many milliliters should the nurse administer for each dose?
________________mL
7.5 mL
The nurse team leader is making rounds and observes the client who had a tracheostomy tube inserted 2 days ago. The nursing policy manual recommends use of the gauze pad. The nurse should:
make sure the gauze pad is dry and the client is in a comfortable position.
Recognizing that the client prescribed theophylline for the treatment of bronchitis is at risk for toxicity, which clinical manifestation will alert the registered nurse (RN) to this occurrence?
insomnia
loss of appetite
onset of seizures
restlessness
Order: Hydrochlorothiazide 0.05 g
Available: hydrochlorothiazide 50 mg
How many tablets will be administered to the patient?
1 tablet
What technique will the registered nurse (RN) educate the client to implement when administering the beclomethasone inhalation therapy?
administer the inhalation therapy through a space attached to the inhaler mouthpiece
330 mL = ____ L?
0.33
The registered nurse (RN) is aware of what primary benefit of the prescription of a drug classified as a glucocorticosteroid?
treats total body inflammation
Solumedrol 4 mg/kg is ordered for a child weighing 64.8 lbs. Solumedrol is available as 500 mg/4mL. How many mL will the nurse administer?
0.942 mL
Determine all givens = wt convert to kg = 29.45 kg; dose ordered
4 mg/kg; available on hand = 500 mg/4 mL
Wt kg x Dose ordered = 29.45 kg x 4 mg/kg = 117.8 mg
Plug into formula: 117.8 mg / 500 mg x 4 mL = 0.942 mL
A healthcare provider’s prescription reads 1000mL of NS to infuse over 12 hours. The drop factor is 15 drops (gtt)/1mL. The nurse prepares to set the flow rate at how many drops per minute? Record your answer to the nearest whole number.
21 gtt/min
A healthcare provider prescribes 1000mL D5W to infuse at a rate of 125mL/hr. The nurse determines it will take how many hours for 1L to infuse.
8 hours
Gentamicin sulfate, 80mg in 100mL normal saline, is to be administered over 30 minutes. The drop factor is 10 gtt/mL. The nurse sets the flow rate at how many drops per minute? Record your answer to the nearest whole number.
33 gtt/min
A healthcare provider’s prescription reads potassium chloride 30mEq to be added to 1000mL NS and to be administered over a 10-hour period. The label on the medication bottle reads 40mEq/20mL. The nurse prepares how many milliliters of potassium chloride to administer the correct dose of medication?
15 mL
